Personality - MBTI

Prof. Sandeep Hegde

Myers-Briggs Personality Type
Indicator
Isabel Briggs Myers and Katharine Cook Briggs, designed the MBTI®
instrument to make the theory of psychological types
“The greatest mistake a
manager can make is to assume
that his colleagues have a
psychology similar to his own.”

- Carl Jung
Model of the Eight Preferences

Sensing
Perceiving
Extraversion (Information)
Intuition
Preferences

Thinking
Introversion
Judging
(Decisions)
Feeling
 Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
Extrovert (E)
Type of Social
Interaction Introvert (I)

Sensing (S)
Preference for
Gathering Data Intuitive (N)

Feeling (F)
Preference for
Decision Making Thinking (T)

Perceptive (P)
Style of
Decision Making Judgmental (J)
 MB Dimensions
• Introversion/Extroversion
• Sensing/Intuition
• Thinking/Feeling
• Judgment/Perception
 Energy

EXTRAVERSION INTROVERSION
Being energized through Being energized through
contact with other people ideas, quiet times,
or through engaging in or solitude
activities
(the outer world) (the inner world)
 How Are You Energized?

EXTRAVERSION INTROVERSION
 External/exterior  Internal/interior
 Outside thrust  Inside pull
 Talk thoughts out  Keep thoughts in
 Breadth  Depth
 Involved with people,  Work with ideas,
things thoughts
 Interaction  Concentration
 Action  Reflection
 Do-think-do  Think-do-think
 EXTRAVERSION
EXTRAVERSION INTROVERSION
INTROVERSION
Tendencies/Characteristics
Tendencies/Characteristics Tendencies/Characteristics
Tendencies/Characteristics

FeelsFeels pulled
pulled outward
outward by external
by external claims Feels
Feels pushed
pushed inward
inward by by external
external claims
claims and conditions
and conditions andclaims and intrusions
intrusions

Energised by other people and Energised by inner resources,

Energised byexperiences
external other people and Energised by inner resources, internal
internal experiences
external experiences experiences

Acts, then (maybe) reflects Reflects, then (maybe) acts

Acts, then (maybe) reflects Reflects, then (maybe) acts
EXTRAVERSION INTROVERSION
Tendencies/Characteristics Tendencies/Characteristics

Is often friendly, talkative and easy Is often reserved, quiet, hard to

to know know

Expresses emotions Bottles up emotions

Needs relationships Needs privacy

EXTRAVERSION INTROVERSION
Tendencies/Characteristics Tendencies/Characteristics

Gives breadth to life Gives depth to life

Es may seem more shallow than Is Is may seem withdrawn than Es

Needs introversion for balance Needs extraversion for balance

Extraversion
Introversion
 Information

SENSING INTUITION
Paying attention to what Paying attention to what
you perceive through the might be described as the
five senses: seeing, sixth sense—the unseen
hearing, touching, world of meanings,
smelling, and tasting inferences, hunches,
insights, and connections
 How Do You Take In Information?
SENSING . INTUITION .
 Present orientation  Future possibilities
 What is real  What could be
 Practical  Theoretical
 Facts  Inspirations
 Perfecting established skills  Learning new skills
 Utility  Novelty
 Step-by-step  Insight-by-insight
 The five senses  The sixth sense, a hunch
SENSING INTUITION
Tendencies/Characteristics Tendencies/Characteristics

Looks at specific parts and pieces Looks at patterns and relationships

Lives in the present enjoying what’s Lives toward the future anticipating
there what might be
It can work . . . If
we do this

Prefers handling practical things Prefers imaging possibilities

SENSING INTUITION
Tendencies/Characteristics Tendencies/Characteristics

Likes things that are definite, Likes opportunities for being

measurable inventive
Starts at the beginning, takes a step
Jumps in anywhere, leaps over
at a time
steps

Works hands-on with the parts to Studies the overall design to see
see the overall design how the parts fit together
SENSING INTUITION
Tendencies/Characteristics Tendencies/Characteristics

Likes set procedures, established Likes change and variety

routines

Ss may seem materialistic and Ns may seem impractical dreamers

literal-minded to Ns to Ss

Needs Intuition for balance Needs Sensing for balance

Sensing
Intuition
 Decisions

THINKING FEELING
Making decisions based Making decisions based
on impartial criteria— on values-based,
cause-effect reasoning, person-centered criteria,
constant principles or seeking harmony
truths, and logic
 How Do You Make Decisions?
THINKING FEELING .
.
 Logical system  Values system
 Head  Heart
 Objective  Subjective
 Justice  Mercy
 Critique  Compliment
 Principles  Harmony
 Reason  Empathy
 Firm but fair  Compassionate
THINKING FEELING
Tendencies/Characteristics Tendencies/Characteristics

Decides with the heart

Decides with the head
Goes for logic Goes for personal convictions

The possible What I

thing to do is . . think is . .

Concerned for truth and justice Concerned for relationships and

harmony
THINKING FEELING
Tendencies/Characteristics Tendencies/Characteristics

Sees things as on-looker, from Sees things as participant, from

outside the situation inside the situation

Takes a long view Takes an immediate and personal

view
Spontaneously finds flaws,
Spontaneously appreciates
criticises
THINKING FEELING
Tendencies/Characteristics Tendencies/Characteristics

Good at analysing plans Good at understanding people

Ts may seem cold and Fs may seem fussy minded and

condescending to Fs emotional to Ts

Ts need Feeling for balance Fs need Thinking for balance

 Feelin
Thinking
g
 Approach to Life

JUDGING PERCEIVING
Want to live an ordered Want to live a
life, with goals and spontaneous life with
structure, making flexibility, staying open to
decisions so you can move new information and
on possibilities
 How Do You Approach Life?
JUDGING PERCEIVING
 Decide about  Attend to, gather
information information
 Regulate  Flow
 Control  Adapt
 Settled  Tentative
 Run one’s life  Let life happen
 Set goals  Seek options
 Closing off  Opening up
 Organized  Flexible.
JUDGING PERCEIVING
Tendencies/Characteristics Tendencies/Characteristics

Prefers an organised lifestyle Prefers a flexible lifestyle

Likes definite order and structure Likes going with the flow

Prefers to experience life as it

Likes to have life under control
happens
JUDGING PERCEIVING
Tendencies/Characteristics Tendencies/Characteristics

Enjoys being decisive Enjoys being curious discovering

surprises

Likes clear limits and categories Likes freedom to explore without

limits
Feels comfortable establishing
Feels comfortable maintaining
closure
openness
JUDGING PERCEIVING
Tendencies/Characteristics Tendencies/Characteristics

Handles deadlines, plans in advance Meets deadlines by last minute rush

Js may seem demanding rigid and Ps may seem disorganised messy

uptight to Ps and irresponsible to Js

Needs Perceiving for balance Needs Judgment for balance

Judging
Perceiving
ISTJ ISFJ INFJ INTJ
RESPONSIBLE ACCOMMODATING INSPIRATIONAL PERFECTING
MANAGER MANAGER LEADER LEADER
Does Things Right Serves People Inspires Others Improves Everything

ISTP ISFP INFP INTP

SOLUTION OBSERVANT IDEALISTIC HOLISTIC
MANAGER MANAGER LEADER LEADER
Addresses Seeks to Transform Pursues Logical
Expedient Needs Is Sensitive to All Society Parity

ESTP ESFP ENFP ENTP

REALISTIC ENTHUSIASTIC OPPORTUNISTIC INVENTIVE
MANAGER MANAGER LEADER LEADER
Gets Things Done Makes Work Enjoyable Discovers Possibilities Finds New Insights

ESTJ ESFJ ENFJ ENTJ

CONQUERING
ACHIEVING FACILITATING PERSUASIVE LEADER
MANAGER MANAGER
Accomplishes
LEADER Drives Towards
Objectives Provides Help Articulates Values Goals
ISTJ ISFJ INFJ INTJ
Management Administration Counseling Legal department
Accounting Departments Health Care Religion Product Development
Data Processing Religious setting Teaching Science and technical fields
Legal Special Talent: helping Arts
people in a behind-the-scene Special Talent: intellectual
Special Talent: Attention to manner Special Talent: Facilitate creativity, conceptualization and
detail, use of data emotional, intellectual, or analysis.
 
spiritual development

ISTP ISFP INFP INTP

Health Care Business Coordination Technical fields
Counseling Writing Scientific research
Business Team Coordination Psychology Organizational research
Technical fields Special Talent: Service- Religion Special Talent: Objective analysis
Facilities management related attention to details. Special Talent: Human insight of problems based on technical
Military and law enforcement and creativity expertise.
 
Special Talent: Hands on skills,
 
analytical work with data and
things.
 
ESTP ESFP ENFP ENTP
Marketing Health Care Project management
Business Teaching Human Resources Technology
Sales Coaching Counseling Design/arts
Teaching Science
Special Talent: Persuasion and Special Talent: Helping Design Special Talent: change and
action-oriented outcomes people with their practical Special Talent: Working to gain continually changing situations.
needs. cooperation among people and  
  groups.

ESTJ ESFJ ENFJ ENTJ

Logistics Team leaders
Administration Corporate Trainers
Management Sales Management
Special Talent: use of Special Talent: Personal
organization to get things done. skills to achieve
organizational objectives.
Corporate Trainers
Team leaders
Arts
Special Talent: helping and
facilitating groups.
 
Leadership
Group Strategy
Special Talent: Management:
tough-minded strategy, analysis,
strategic planning, and
organization
 ESTJ
•ESTJs take their energy from the outer world of people and external events. They
prefer dealing with facts and the present, and makes decisions using logic. Their
life is organised on a logical basis. They are therefore practical, and likely to
implement tried and trusted solutions to practical problems in a businesslike and
impersonal manner. They prefer to ensure that the details have been taken care of
rather than spend time considering concepts and strategies.

•ESTJs are doers who roll up their sleeves, dig in, and proceed directly to get the
job done. They use logic and analysis as guiding principles for their lives. They are
quick to decide and set a plan of action. They marshall resources in an organised
fashion, implement, and follow through. They like closure. They focus directly on
tasks to accomplish and are able to anticipate the steps needed to complete an
assignment. In doing so, they see what might go wrong and take necessary
preventive action. They monitor events continually and make sure that
commitments, both their own and those of others, are honoured and the job gets
done. They are at their best in situations that have some structure to them and
involve activity not contemplation, and in which an end product is desired.
 ESFP
•ESFPs take their energy from the outer world of people and external events. They
prefer dealing with facts, which they usually takes at face value. They also prefer dealing
with the present and with people, and probably derives much enjoyment out of
friendships. Their life is flexible, living it very much in the present, and responding to
things as they arise. They are impulsive and friendly, seeking enjoyment out of life, and
makes new friends easily. They like taking part in solving urgent problems, such as fire-
fighting or trouble shooting. They operate best in practical situations involving people.

•ESFPs are friendly, outgoing, fun loving, and naturally drawn to people. They are
enthusiastic and exuberant, and are usually well liked by others. They are good a
meeting people and helping them enjoy themselves. They are sympathetic toward
people and generous with their time and money. They want to be where the action is,
and they will often stir things up in their own special way. At their best, they are able to
realistically meet human and situational needs in a fun and lively way.
 ESFJ
•ESFJs take their energy from the outer world of people and external events. They prefer
dealing with facts, and making decisions on the basis of personal values. They like
dealing with people, and organises life on a personal basis. They are very warm people,
seeking to maintain harmonious relationships with colleagues and friends, who are a
very important part of their life. They can find conflict and criticism very difficult to handle.
They have a strong sense of duty and loyalty, and are driven by a need to belong and be
of service to people.

•ESFJs are helpful people who place a high value on harmony. Paying close attention to
people's needs and wants, they work well with others to complete tasks in a timely and
accurate way. They follow through on their commitments. They like closure and prefer
structured, organised situations in which warmth and compassion are shown. They
contribute to others by anticipating their day-to-day concerns and handling them with
warmth and efficiency. They are at their best in organising people to get a job done.
 ENFP
•ENFPs take their energy from the outer world of people and external events. They
prefer dealing with patterns and possibilities, particularly for people, and makes
decisions on the basis of personal values. Their life is flexible, following new insights and
possibilities as they arise. They are creative and insightful, often seeking to try new
ideas that can be of benefit to people. They may sometimes neglect details and
planning, but they enjoy work that involves experimentation and variety, working towards
a general goal.

•ENFPs are initiators of change who are keenly perceptive of possibilities, and who
energise and stimulate through their contagious enthusiasm. They prefer the start-up
phase of a project or relationship, and are tireless in the pursuit of new-found interests.
They are able to anticipate the needs of others and to offer them needed help and
appreciation. They bring zest, joy, liveliness, and fun to all aspects of their lives. They
are at their best in situations that are fluid and changing, and that allow them to express
their creativity and use their charisma.
 ESTP
•ESTPs take their energy from the outer world of people and external events. They
prefer dealing with facts, which they usually views objectively, and they makes decisions
on a logical basis. Their life is flexible, consisting of a series of activities that interest
their. They are action oriented problem solvers, and prefer to work with practical
organisational issues. They can be impulsive, and likes taking part in trouble-shooting-
type work. They can sometimes neglect follow-through, but will work best when there is
a lot going on that needs organising and solving.

•ESTPs are action oriented, pragmatic, outgoing, and realistic people. In situations that
require resourcefulness, they use their quickness and flexibility to find the most efficient
route to accomplishing whatever needs to be done. They are lively, entertaining, and
fun. They like to be where the action is and participate fully in what is happening.
Characteristically, they are direct with their comments and mince no words. They are at
their best in situations that require an orientation to the present and a direct, no-
nonsense, pragmatic approach.
 ENFJ
•ENFJs take their energy from outer world of people and external events. They prefer
dealing with patterns and possibilities, particularly for people, and makes decisions using
personal values. Their life is organised on a personal basis, seeking to develop and
maintain stable relationships with those people they likes. They are actively concerned
with promoting personal growth in others. They are also highly sociable, and expressive
of feelings towards others, but can find conflict and criticism difficult, particularly if it
might damage long term relationships. They work best in situations involving people.

•ENFJs are lively and enthusiastic facilitators who apply warmth and vision to helping
people and meeting their needs. They are aware of people's aspirations and develop
plans of action to make those aspirations into reality. They like organisation and closure.
They are at their best facilitating situations that require interpersonal sensitivity. They are
tolerant and appreciative of others, seeking involvement with them in life's tasks. They
are able communicators who are liberal in showing appreciation for others.
 ENTJ
•ENTJs take their energy from outer world of people and external events. They prefer
dealing with patterns and possibilities, and making decisions after considering the
consequences of the various courses of action. Their life is organised on a logical basis.
They tend to control life, organising systems and people to meet task oriented goals.
They often take the role of executive or director, using a business-like and impersonal
approach. They may appear intolerant of people who do not set high standards for
themselves or don't seem to be good at what they do.

•ENTJs take charge quickly and deal directly with problems, especially in situations that
involve confusion and inefficiency. They provide structure to the organisations to which
they belong and design strategies to accomplish their personal and organisational goals.
They develop broad, action-oriented plans, and supply the necessary energy and
momentum to see that these plans are accomplished. They are "take charge" people
who organise their own and others' external environments. They do not take "no" for an
answer; instead, they use their resources to find a way to meet the challenge. They re at
their best in using their analytical and strategic thinking.
 ENTP
•ENTPs take their energy from outer world of people and external events. They prefer
dealing with patterns and possibilities, and making decisions on a logical basis. They are
adaptable, tending to focus on new ideas and interests as and when they arise,
particularly if they involve increasing their competence or skill. They are ingenious
problem solvers, constantly trying new ideas out, and can seem to enjoy a good
argument. They are interested in instigating change, and operates best in overcoming
new difficulties where the solution requires the application of creative effort.

•ENTPs are known for their quest of the novel and complex. They have faith in their
ability to improvise and to overcome any challenges that they face. They are highly
independent, and value adaptability and innovation. They may be several steps ahead of
others in encouraging and valuing change. They hate uninspired routine and resist
hierarchical and bureaucratic structures that are not functional. They need freedom for
action. With their entrepreneurial tendencies and broad understandings, they push
against all odds to further their projects. They are at their best in changing
circumstances in which they can develop conceptual models and devise strategies to
effectively navigate through change.
 INTJ
•INTJs take their energy from the inner world of thoughts and ideas. They prefer dealing
with patterns and possibilities for the future, and making decisions using impersonal
analysis. Their life is organised on a logical basis. They are strategists, identifying long
term goals and organising life to meet them. They tend to be sceptical and critical, both
of self and others, with a keen sense of deficiencies in quality and competence. They
often have a strong intellect, yet are able to attend to details that are relevant to the
strategy.

•INTJs are strong individualists who seek new angles or novel ways of looking at things.
They enjoy coming to new understandings. They are insightful and mentally quick;
however, this mental quickness may not always be outwardly apparent to others since
they keep a great deal to themselves. They are very determined people who trust their
vision of the possibilities, regardless of what others think. They may even be considered
the most independent of all the sixteen personality types. They are at their best in quietly
and firmly developing their ideas, theories, and principles.
 INFP
•INFPs take their energy from the inner world of thoughts and ideas. They prefer dealing
with patterns and possibilities, especially for people, and prefer to make decisions on the
basis of personal values. Their life is flexible, following new insights and possibilities as
they arise. They are quiet and adaptable (up to a point - when their values are violated
the normally adaptable INFPs can surprise people with their stance). They will seem to
be very interested in ideas, and they may sometimes make very creative contributions.
They have a hidden warmth for people and a desire to see self and others grow and
develop. They prefer to undertake work that has a meaningful purpose.

•INFPs focus deeply on their values, and they devote their lives to pursuing the ideal.
They often draw people together around a common purpose and work to find a place for
each person within the group. They are creative, and they seek new ideas and
possibilities. They quietly push for what is important to them, and they rarely give up.
While they have a gentleness about them and a delightful sense of humour, they may be
somewhat difficult to get to know and may be overlooked by others. They are at their
best making their world more in line with their internal vision of perfection.
 INTP
•INTPs take their energy from the inner world of thoughts and ideas. They prefer dealing
with patterns and possibilities, and making decisions on a logical basis. Their life is
flexible, following new insights and possibilities as they arise. They are quiet and
detached, and adaptable (up to a point - sometimes they may stop adapting, insisting
that there is a clear principle at stake). They are not interested in routine, and will often
experiment or change things to see if they can be improved. They operate at best when
solving complex problems that require the application of intellect.

•INTPs are known for their quest for logical purity, which motivates them to examine
universal truths and principles. They're constantly asking themselves and others the
question "Why?" and "Why not?" Clear and quick thinkers, they are able to focus with
great intensity on their interests. They appreciate elegance and efficiency in thought
processes and require them, even more so, in their own communications. They may be
seen as unwilling to accept what everyone else regards as truth. While often low key in
outward appearance and approach, they are as "hard as nails" when challenging a truth.
They do not like to deal with the obvious. They are at their best in building conceptual
models and developing unusual and complex ideas.
 ISTJ
•ISTJs take their energy from the inner world of thoughts and ideas. They prefer dealing
with facts, and making decisions after considering the various options. They organise
their life on a logical basis. They are quiet, serious and well prepared for most
eventualities. They are a keen observers of life, developing a good understanding of
situations, which is often not expressed. They have a strong sense of practical
objectives, and works efficiently to meet them.

•ISTJs are systematic, painstaking, thorough, and hardworking. They get the job done
and complete it on schedule. They are serious and sincere in whatever they do. They
work well within a structure, follow the hierarchy, and are particularly strong and careful
in keeping track of facts and details. They are cautious, generally seeking to maintain
the status quo. They are at their best getting things to the right place at the right time.
They honour their commitments.
 INFJ
•INFJs take their energy from the inner world of thoughts and ideas. They prefer dealing
with patterns and possibilities, particularly for people, and makes decisions using
personal values. Their life is organised on a personal basis. They often have a private
sense of purpose in life, and works steadily to fulfil that goal. They demonstrate a quiet
concern for people, being interested in helping them to develop and grow. They are good
at developing insight into people, though it can often remain unexpressed.

•INFJs are future oriented, and direct their insights and inspiration toward the
understanding of themselves and thereby human nature. Their work mirrors their
integrity, and it needs to reflect their inner ideals. Solitude and an opportunity to
concentrate thoroughly on what counts most is important to them. They prefer to quietly
exert their influence. They have deeply felt compassion, and they desire harmony with
others. They understand the complexities existing within people and among them. They
do not call a great deal of attention to themselves, preferring that their contributions
speak for them. They are at their best concentrating on their ideas, ideals, and
inspirations.
 ISTP
•ISTPs take their energy from the inner world of thoughts and ideas. They prefer dealing
with facts and making decisions on a logical basis. Their life is flexible, demonstrating an
interest in acquiring new information that leads to a practical understanding of the way
the world works. They are quiet and detached, and adaptable (up to a point). They are
often good at solving organisational problems that need to be thought through. They are
curious about how and why things work, and can seem impulsive, sometimes producing
surprising ideas or doing something unpredictable.

•ISTPs are realists who apply expediency and reasoning as they manage and adapt to
situations. They are aware of what is going on in the environment and are able to
respond quickly to the actual facts, making sure the odds of success are in their favour.
They do not like to be tied down and will feel hamstrung when they must operate within
tight structures and schedules. They are able to anticipate immediate, practical needs in
situations and to present a logical, straightforward plan for meeting those needs. They
are at their best in situations that require immediate attention.
 ISFP
•ISFPs take their energy from the inner world of thoughts and ideas. They prefer dealing
with facts and people, and making decisions on the basis of personal values. They are
adaptable (up to a point), quiet and friendly. They are interested in people, enjoying their
company preferably on an individual basis or in small numbers. They take a caring and
sensitive approach to helping others. They enjoy the present, and tends to dislike
confrontation and conflict. They usually acts as a very supportive member of a team.

•ISFPs are gentle and compassionate, open and flexible. They are considerate of others
and do not force their views and opinions on them. They often focus on meeting others'
needs, especially those who are less fortunate. Having a quiet, modest, self-effacing
style, ISFPs avoid disagreements and seek harmony with people as well as with nature.
They enjoy life's precious moments and often add a touch of beauty to the environments
where they spend their time. They are at their best ensuring others' well-being.
 ISFJ
•ISFJs take their energy from the inner world of thoughts and ideas. They prefer dealing
with facts and people, and making decisions on the basis of personal values. Their life is
organised on a personal basis, seeking to enjoy relationships with people they likes.
They are quiet, serious observers of people, and are both conscientious and loyal. They
prefer work that involves being of practical service to people. They are often concerned
for and perceptive of how other people feel and dislikes confrontation and conflict.

•ISFJs are sympathetic, loyal, considerate, and conscientious. They will go to any
amount of trouble, when it makes sense to them, to help those in need. They operate
most comfortably in situations where rules are well defined and where traditions are to
be upheld. They focus on providing practical help and services for others and for
organisations they serve. They are often self-effacing in getting the job done, and they
are willing to make necessary sacrifices, especially for their families. They are at their
best quietly providing assistance and making sure things are in proper order.