Professional Documents
Culture Documents
MIGRATION
ATIKHA
ATIKHA OVERSEAS WORKERS AND COMMUNITIES INITIATIVE, INC. 1
www.atikha.org
OUR PARTNERS
www.atikha.org
No other social
phenomenon,
perhaps, has
affected most countries
of the world than the
overseas migration of a
significant number of
people…
3
+/-4000
+/-220 30%
Country of
10.4 M overseas TOP 3
workers
10% 70%
5
THE FILIPINO DIASPORA
• permanent residents or immigrants
in the United States (2 to 2.5 million), Canada, and
Australia, Japan, and Germany
professionals and spouses of nationals of the host
countries
attained affluence having had exercised their professions,
established businesses or have good paying jobs
acquired the citizenship and brought family members and
relatives in host countries; second generation
6
THE FILIPINO DIASPORA
• temporary contract workers
land-based OFWs
service workers, production workers, and professional and technical
workers
in Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, United States, Hong
Kong and China, Qatar, Japan, Malaysia, Italy and Taiwan
sea-based or seafarers
in international fishing, passenger or cargo vessel
Filipinos composed the 30% of the total maritime population
7
THE FILIPINO DIASPORA
irregular migrants
Those who are not properly documented, or who are
without valid residence or work permits, or who may be
overstaying tourists in a foreign country
in the United States, Malaysia, Syria, Germany,
Singapore
in 3D jobs—dirty, demeaning, and dangerous
8
HISTORY OF PHILIPPINE OVERSEAS MIGRATION
Waves of Filipinos in search for a better life
First Wave:1900s
• agricultural workers in Hawaii and other parts of the
United States;
• some worked in the fish canneries of Alaska
9
HISTORY OF PHILIPPINE OVERSEAS MIGRATION
Third Wave: 1970s
• actively encouraged by the Philippine government
• in large numbers to fill in labor shortages in rich and
industrializing countries as construction workers,
nannies, domestic workers, nurses, and entertainers
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HISTORY OF PHILIPPINE OVERSEAS MIGRATION
11
International labour
migration is
temporary
Overseas contract
workers are heroes
and heroines Create one million
job every year…
-Hongkong, 1988-
PHILIPPINES
2000
13
DUALITY OF OVERSEAS MIGRATION
Duality:
Positive and Negative Aspects of Migration
Families:
• Does migration lead to better lives or does it
create social problems among the OFWs and
families left behind?
Philippines:
• Does migration bring or hinder development in
our country and communities?
14