Paper grades and properties

Magazine
Mini Paper School
 LWC paper (Values for 60 g/m²)

— Base paper (40 g/m²)

— Mechanical pulp 50 – 70 % of fibres (20 g/m²)
— Chemical pulp 30 – 50 % (15 g/m²)
— Fillers 6 – 10 % (5 g/m²)
— Additives
— Coating (10 + 10 g/m²)
— Pigments (caolin, CaCO3, Talc), binders (latex, starch), other
additives
UPM April 8, 2018 2
 SC paper

— Fibres, 70 – 80 % of basis weight

— Mechanical fibres 70 – 85 % of fibre material
— Chemical fibres 15 – 30 %
— Fillers, 20 – 30 % of basis weight
— Caolin, CaCO3

UPM April 8, 2018 3

 News

— Fibres, 85 %
— Mechanical pulp > 90 %
— Chemical pulp < 10 %
OR
— DIP up to 100 %
— Fillers < 15 %

UPM April 8, 2018 4

Paper properties
Proprietatile hartiei
 Basis weight-gramajul unitatea de masura-grame/metru patrat

g/m2 1m

1m

UPM April 8, 2018 6

 Filler content-materialul de umplutura folosit unitate de masura-%

UPM April 8, 2018 7

 Thickness-grosimea hartiei unitatea de masura-micronul

UPM April 8, 2018 8

 Density-densitatea unitatea de masura –grame/centimetru cub

UPM April 8, 2018 9

 Bulk-reprezinta grosimea hartie / gramajul de baza(cm/g/cm2)

UPM April 8, 2018 10

 Roughness-rugozitatea suprafetei unitate de masura-microni

Uncoated Coated matt Coated gloss

UPM April 8, 2018 11

 Surface texture-masurarea rugozitatii(netezimea suprafetei)

UPM April 8, 2018 12

 Air permeability-permeabilitatea la aer unitea de masura-mililitri aer/minut

ml/min

UPM April 8, 2018 13

 Brightness-stralucirea

UPM April 8, 2018 14

 Shades of brightness-”umbra “reflexiei

UPM April 8, 2018 15

 Opacity-opacitatea

UPM April 8, 2018 16

 Opacity

UPM April 8, 2018 17

 The effect of calendering on opacity-efectul calandrarii asupra opacitatii

UPM April 8, 2018 18

 Opacity-opacitate, 1.necalandrat,fibra
scurta,pigment fin 2.supercalandrat(gloss),fibra
lunga,pigment macrogranular

UPM April 8, 2018 19

 Brightness/basis weight stralucire/gramaj de baza

UPM April 8, 2018 20

 Printing opacity –opacitatea dupa tiparire 1.tipar o fata 2.tipar ambele fete

UPM April 8, 2018 21

 Gloss-luciu

UPM April 8, 2018 22

 Gloss-luciu ;posibilitatea de citire

UPM April 8, 2018 23

 Delta gloss-diferenta de luciu-inainte de tiparire/dupa tiparire

UPM April 8, 2018 24

 Freeness (CSF Canadian Standard Freeness)
Air-cock
Measuring
Top lid
1. Pulp to the drainage chamber Drainage chamber
2. Close the top lid
3. Open the bottom lid Screen
4. Open the air-cock Bottom lid
5. Drainage phase
6. Determinate volume of filtrate Funnel
discharged from the side orifice

Spreader cone

Side orifice

Bottom orifice (flow rate 530 ml / min)

1000 ml

Measuring glass Sample

CSF = volume of filtrate in - 1000 ml ± 5 ml

measuring glass, ml - 3 g (abs) ± 0.02 g
- 20 ºC ± 0.5 ºC

0 ml

UPM April 8, 2018 25

 Fibre direction-directia fibrei

UPM April 8, 2018 26

 Folding-biguirea pe fibra si perpendicular pe fibra

UPM April 8, 2018 27

 Stiffness-rigiditatea(fermitate) influenta grosimii asupra rigiditatii

UPM April 8, 2018 28

 Stiffness-rigiditatea hartiei efectul directiei fibrei

UPM April 8, 2018 29

 Tensile strength-rezistenta la intindere(tragere)

UPM April 8, 2018 30

 Tearing strength-rezistenta la rupere(sfasiere)

UPM April 8, 2018 31

 Busting strength-rezistenta la rupere in urma aplicarii unei presiuni pe
suprafata

UPM April 8, 2018 32

 Surface strength-rezistenta suprafetei metode de masurare

UPM April 8, 2018 33

 Bonding strength-rezistenta legaturilor dintre componentele hartiei

UPM April 8, 2018 34

 Blistering-acumulari de apa in hartie(zone neomogene)

UPM April 8, 2018 35

 Umiditatea absoluta

UPM April 8, 2018 36

 TIPAR OFFSET

placa

cauciuc

UPM April 8, 2018 37

 IMPORTANT PAPER PROPERTIES
SC OFFSET

— Printability-caracteristicile ce influenteaza tiparul

— surface strength

— print uniformity (formation, paper structure)

— printed gloss (absorption, paper gloss)

— print through (opacity, absorption, formation)

— optical properties (brightness, opacity, shade)

— fiber roughening

— Runnability-durabilitatea
— faultlessness -perfectiunea

— profiles and strength properties

— surface strength and plate wearing-rezistenta suprafetei si

uzura placii
UPM April 8, 2018 38