OHSAS -

What and How

By
Prakash VK
AIB VIncotte

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BP Amoco Texas Refinery Blast in March 2005
Caused by starting of a pickup.
15 died, 100 injured, $ 1 Billion lost.
 Objectives :

What is OHSAS ?
Why do we need it?
How to implement it?
Benefits of OHSAS implementation

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 What is OHSAS
OHSAS is managing hazards and risks in our activities,
processes and services for protecting people, improving
health and safety in work, reducing risks, monitoring and
controlling all aspects with in legal and client requirements.

This requires analyzing all activities during normal,

abnormal and emergency situations for hazards and risks
to employees and others at and around the work place
and identifying objectives for improvement.

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 WHY HAS THE HEALTH AND SAFETY
BECOME SO IMPORTANT

GOVERNMENT/
REGULATORS

MEDIA EMPLOYEES

EXTERNAL SHAREHOLDERS
CERTIFICATION

COMMUNITY BANKERS
COMPANY
DECISION
MAKERS

CONTRACTORS INSURERS

COMPETITION CUSTOMERS

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SUPPLIERS
 Occupational Health and Safety
Concerns of Industries
INTERNAL REGULATORY POLICY RELATED
Stress and safety Regulations Safety Analysis and
Mech Elec Hazards
Standards Hazard Prevention
Heat and Temp
Acts Health and Safety
Pressure Hazards Promotion
Liability
PPE Policies Training
Accident
Fire Hazards compensation AIDS, Pathogens at
Toxic Substances Movement of work place
Explosive Hazards Hazardous Ethics and Safety
Radiation Hazards Substances Safety &
Emergency Prep Govt Policies Environment

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 Two Approaches to OHSMS

Reactive approach Vs. Proactive approach

Establish Policy
Carry out analysis of
current position
Establish goals &
Review & objectives
WAIT revise as PLAN
necessary

SUFFER INCIDENTS DO
ACT

REACT CHECK Design & implement

management system to
achieve goals
Audit performance of
management system - is

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it achieving the goals
and objectives
OHSAS 18001 Requirements
Policy + objectives •
Defined roles + responsibilities •
Documented procedures •
Control of documents + records •
Competence + Training •
Control of critical processes •
Corrective + preventive action •
Internal system audits •
Management review •
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 Start with Gap Analysis
GAP = RS – ES, where
RS is the requirement of OHSAS standard
ES is the existing safety system

Establishing SMS to OHSAS Standard

requires identifying gaps in the system
and filling them with relevant additions
(policies, procedures, records, training,
implementation, audits, CPA etc).
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 Gap Analysis – Example 1

Standard requires that the

organization identifies its safety
and health objectives.

There is no system for identifying

safety and health objectives.
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 Gap Analysis – Example 2

Standard requires that

responsibilities for safety and
health are defined for different
functions in the organization.
The responsibilities assigned to
a function do not contain safety
related responsibilities. 11
 Gap Analysis – Example 3
Standard requires that the
organization establishes and
communicates procedures for
managing their significant risks.
The procedures are not
established / communicated.
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 OHSAS Structure
Leads to
reduction of
Policy OHSAS significant
risks

Safety & Health

Management Implementation
Program

Planning Monitoring Controlling

Objectives Periodic Procedures &

& Targets Reporting Instructions
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 How does OHSAS cause improvement

Significant Improvement possible

Objectives
- SMP Key characteristics

Maintain by M
Operational Controls &
- OCP s M
- Process
Hazards - Engineering
- Human
IMPROVE

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OHSAS Documentation

OH&S
Manual
Procedures,
Cross references

Operating Instructions / SOPs

Work Instructions / Checklists
Records
DOCUMENT PYRAMID
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 OHSAS flow chart
Certifying
Consultant
body
Gap Analysis Certification
Decision (initial audit) Audit Stage 1
+ advice Stage 2 certificate

Actions to Final
Preparation implement improvements
shortfalls

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 Watch out for these
common problems
• Lack of conviction that all accidents can be prevented
• Inadequate top management involvement and support
• Failure to implement spirit of the policy
• communication to employees
• commitment to IIF (Incident Injury Free) culture
• Failure to address significant risks (e.g. hazardous
chemicals, sub contracted activities)
• Information on hazards not kept up to date
• Lack of visible logical rationale for significance
• Failure to address regulatory compliance

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 Watch out for these
common problems (2)
• Failure to manage all significant risks
• through objectives targets programmes
• through operational control
• through investigation
• Failure to make all staff aware of risks
• new starters, temporary staff, contractors
• Internal audits do not evaluate root causes
• Mgmt Representative / Internal auditors lack authority
• Manual copies rather than implements the standard

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 Benefit of The OHSAS

 OHSAS allows you to systematically manage your significant

safety and health aspects.
 OHSAS results in benefits to both your company and the employees

 Makes sure that the safety and health performance is as per your
stated policy and standards

 Ensures compliance with legal and reporting obligation

 Certification by an external organization helps in image

 OHSAS is a mandatory requirement of many large customers

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