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Solution Alkaline
Neutral
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Properties of acids & alkalis
Do experiments 5.13 pg 108 - 109 (acid)
& 5.14 pg 110 – 111(alkali) sps book
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Acids Properties Alkalis
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Properties Notes
Reaction with Acids react with metals to give
metals hydrogen gas
Burning wooden splinter Acid + metal salt + hydrogen
-Hydrochloric acid + magnesium
magnesium chloride + hydrogen
-Sulphuric acid + magnesium
magnesium sulphate + hydrogen
Magnesium strip -Nitric acid + magnesium
Dilute hydrochloric acid magnesium nitrate + hydrogen
Use a burning wooden splinter to test for the presence of
hydrogen gas.
A ‘pop’ sound is heard showing that hydrogen gas is given off
when acids react with metals. 6
Properties Notes
Reaction with Acids react with calcium carbonate to
calcium carbonate give carbon dioxide gas
Acid + carbonate salt + carbon
dioxide + water
Lime water -Hydrochloric acid + calcium carbonate
calcium chloride + carbon dioxide +
water
-Sulphuric acid + magnesium carbonate
magnesium sulphate + carbon
dioxide + water
Hydrochloric acid -Nitric acid + natrium carbonate
Calcium carbonate natrium nitrate + carbon dioxide +
water 7
We use lime water to test for the presence of carbon
dioxide gas.
The clear lime water becomes cloudy showing that
carbon dioxide gas is given off when acids react with
carbonates.
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Properties Notes
Reaction with Alkalis react with ammonium salts to
ammonium salts give ammonia gas
Alkalis + ammonium salt salt +
water + ammonia
-sodium hydroxide + ammonium
chloride sodium chloride + water
+ ammonia
-calcium hydroxide + ammonium
nitrate calcium nitrate + water +
ammonia
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Properties Notes
Acids only show Acids in the form of solid do not show
their properties in their properties.
the presence of Water is needed for acids to show their
water properties.
Acid in solid form Acid in liquid form
Examples:
Sulphuric acid + zinc Zinc sulphate +
hydrogen
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What are acids???
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Tartaric acid (grapes)
Malic acid (apples)
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Hydrochloric acid
Sulphuric acid
Nitric acid
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Substances which are acidic or
alkaline in everyday life
Do experiment pg 112 sps book
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Addition to information in text book
Acids uses
Hydrochloric -used to remove rust on iron
acid -used to produce chlorine
-used to make disinfectants &
liquid washing agents
Sulphuric acid -used in batteries
-used to make detergents &
fertilisers
Formic acid -used to coagulates latex
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Addition to information in text book
Alkali uses
Potassium -to make liquid soaps
hydroxide -to absorb acidic gases
-to prepare dyes & paint
removers
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What are alkalis???
1.Alkalis are formed when the oxides or hydroxides of
metals dissolve in water.
2.Common alkalis used in the laboratory are:
a) potassium hydroxide b) sodium hydroxide
c) calcium hydroxide
2.Alkalis diluted in a lot of water are called dilute
alkalis solution.
3.The more concentrated an alkalis, the less water it is
dissolved in it.
4. Ammonia gas can dissolve in water to form an
alkaline solution.
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Neutralisation
A process where acid react with alkali to
form salt and water.
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Application of neutralisation
Refer text book pg 29
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Summary for indicator
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A pH scale has values from 0 to 14
More acidic More alkaline
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
-oranges Neutral -soap
-pure
-lemons -toothpaste
water or
-vinegar -milk of
distilled
magnesia
-tea water
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