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Sign convention
+W
•Work done by the system, +VE (W>0)
System
•Work done on the system, -VE (W<0) -W
There are many ways in which work can be done by or
on a system.
Work done at the moving boundary of a simple
compressible system during a quasi-equilibrium process
W W2 W1 No meaning at all
1
2
Instead we use, W 1W2 W12
1
1 n 1 1n
Extension of a solid bar
2 2
W12 Fdx Adx
1 1
normal stress, N / m2
2
W12 dA
1
2
W12 W F .dx F .rd Td
1
Heat Transfer
1 Q2 Q12 Q TdS
1 1
1 n 1 1n
(b) n=1 2
V2
W12 PdV PV
1 1 ln
1 V1
(c) n=0 2
W12 PdV P(V2 V1 )
1
W= 3(0.2-0.1)x100=30kJ