Professional Documents
Culture Documents
PRACTICAL RESEARCH
Second Semester 80 hours/sem
Research Skills
Example:
Examples:
“What factors influence, affect or relate to the adjustment of salary
increase among teachers?”
Examples:
“Why does climate change occur ?”
4. Prediction and Control – Research anticipates
possible psychology and physiological reactions to nursing
interventions.
Example:
“Incidence of low performance in math in young learners is
expected to increase with the millennium age”
Criteria for Choice of Research
Problems
Core Problem
Cause 1a
THE COCONUT INDUSTRY OF LAGUNA
Coconut is one of the most important crops in Laguna covering 45% of the cultivated land. Aside
from producing 60% of country’s coconut oil requirement, the coconut industry also provides
direct or indirect employment to almost one third of the country’s population (Bustos, 2002).
Despite the importance of the sector to the country’s economy, modernization of the coconut
industry has not taken place. Over the years, coconut production continues to decline
resulting to decreasing income of coconut farmers and reduction in the local supply of fresh
coconut and coconut oils. Recently, export of coconut products were also disrupted.
The decline in yield is primarily due to failure of farmers to replace aging and unproductive stand
of palms with new varieties of coconut palms (Marcelo, 2010). These can be attributed to
farmer’s low access to needed inputs as well as their lack of technical skills in applying new
varieties and farm inputs. The low market price of coconut further tends to discourage
farmers to plant new coconut palms.
The present situation is further aggravated by the presence of a viral disease called “cadang-
cadang” or yellow mottle, which kills millions of coconut trees each year. Majority of these
affected coconuts are traditional varieties as they are less resistant to the virus. Moreover,
farmers rarely apply plant protection measures.
Considering the potential of the coconut farming to fuel industry, the Philippine Coconut
Authority has proposed for a loan to International Bank to improve the performance of the
industry.
Problem Analysis presented in the Introduction
(Coconut Industry of Pangasinan)
Export of coconut product
were disrupted
It is for these reasons that the researchers would like to relate the factors that
may trigger smoking. The researchers would also like to arrest the onset of
smoking to help the parents at home and teachers in school identify young
smokers so as to prevent smoking at a specific age bracket. Thus, this
correlates of smoking.
Hurlock (1998) implied that young students often result to smoking when they are
not busy and preoccupied. Often times students experiment on new
adventures. They experiment and experience the sensual effects of smoking
cigarette. Fifty percent of the young smokers reported that they enjoyed
smoking at the beginning. However, when they realized the bad effects of
smoking in their bodies it is already difficult to evade in the system.
In the school students find their friends or peers. Some are good and some are
bad. Peer pressure is one factor that enhances vices among young students. It
is also noted that peer pressure could encourage smoking among young
students (Enriquez, 1999).
Getting hooked to smoking is a problem to most parents
and teachers. Young students are still ignorant of the effects
of smoking to their health. Students feel happy when they
smoke with their friends however, sensitivity to smoke
becomes an allergy to the smoke. Burger’s disease is one of
the diseases caused by smoking aside from lung cancer and
eighty percent of the smokers are reported that they suffer
from sore throat (Lim, 2005)
Smoking is generated as one of the deadliest vices that can
cause many kinds of diseases. An article from the Daily
Inquirer (May 2, 2009) reported that 60% of the young
students in high school who are smokers usually have low
memory and performance in academic subjects. And day by
day there is an increasing trend of young smokers aged 14-
17.
PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT and MANGO INDUSTRY OF REGION 1
Mango is one of the most important crops in Pangasinan covering 45% of the cultivated land. Aside from producing 60% of
country’s mango requirement, the mango industry also provides direct or indirect employment to almost one third of
the country’s population (Bustos, 2002; Mercado,2009).
Despite the importance of the sector to the country’s economy, modernization of the mango industry has not taken place.
Over the years, mango production continues to decline resulting to decreasing income of mango farmers and
reduction in the local supply of fresh mango and mango products. Recently, export of mango products were also
disrupted (Aquino, 2013, de Vera, 2013) and low production of its by products.
The decline in yield (TV Patrol May 23, 2013) is primarily due to failure of farmers to replace aging and unproductive mango
trees with new varieties of mango (Marcelo, 2010). These can be attributed to farmer’s low access to needed inputs
as well as their lack of technical skills in applying new varieties, farm inputs and development of products. The low
market price of mango and its varieties further tends to discourage farmers to plant new mango trees.
The present situation is further aggravated by the presence of a viral disease and pests (Marcelo, 2010), which decrease
mango yield each year. Majority of these affected carabao and indian mango trees are traditional varieties as they
are less resistant to the virus and pests. Moreover, farmers rarely apply plant protection measures and develop
products from indian mangoes.
Considering the potential of the mango industry, the Pangasinan State University has proposed a project to improve the
performance of the industry particularly on the development of its products. It is this purpose that this study was
conducted to improve product development of indian mango industry in Region 1.
Problem Analysis presented in the Introduction
Export of mango product
were disrupted
Data Collection
Quantitative vs. Qualitative Research
Quantitative research Qualitative research
Applied Research
Basic Research
*To widen the knowledge base
*To finding solutions for existing
*Formulation or refinement of problems
theory
*Focuses on factors which can be
*For discovery of general
changed by intervention to achieve
principles
a desired goal
*For solving problems
Exploratory Research
*Begins with phenomenon of
interest then investigates the
full nature of the phenomenon,
the manner in which it is Explanatory Research
manifested and the other
factors to which it is related.*The goal is to
understand the
underpinnings of
specific natural
phenomena and to
explains systematic
relationships among
phenomena
Suggested topics
ANY RESEARCH GAP YOU MAY IDENTIFY FROM PREVIOUS STUDIES CONDUCTED
THAT YOU MAY READ
*information about the quality of HEIs, schools, review centers as source for
improved student/parent choice.
*the information system of schools to reach out to their students
*organizational capabilities of an institution
*tracer studies, employment experience of graduates
*profiling and typology of (schools, HEIs) in the following __________
*socio-economic profile of students in the public schools, vendors, profile of
labor force in different barangays (learn to use secondary data from NSO,
NEDA) any competent agencies
*evaluation of projects conducted in the school or any agency
*partnership between institutions and industries or agencies in the
community.
* Food security
* poverty alleviation
*effect of global warming on education sector
*Gender studies
*improving schooling for language minorities
**Multilingual language instruction in the classroom
* Multicultural classroom
* Mapping of reading programs of different schools,
* evaluation of schools materials that may encourage
reading or any cognitive development
*Multi language teaching
*Children’s language development in a multi language or
multicultural environment
*association of Reading, language and play
* children’s language development
* educating children with special needs in speech or
language difficulties.
*Trends in computer games, TV shows its effects
on reading and English communication
*development of standardized English test or
English proficiency test for First Year, 2nd, 3rd,
4th year.
*employment status of ABE graduates 20______
*Effectiveness of mother tongue language users
in their English communication
*Culture in the farming community in ______
*Culture of drivers (or groups)
*Income and Expenditure pattern of employees
*Profile of vendors in Bayambang
*Business opportunities in Bayambang
*Problems affecting socio economic progress
*Factors behind the socio- economic growth of jobless people
*Commodity flow for priority products in
*Reluctance of local entrepreneurs to tap the export market
*Determining the competitiveness of recreational facilities in
Pangasinan
*Values and attitudes of students towards
entrepreneurship
*Energy conservation measures in
*Assessment of policy implementation of RA_ (solid waste
management)
*Role of community organizations in the developmental
progress
*Educational institution and business partnership in
Remember:
you have not doneanything in research
unless you have written and
communicated it.
THANK YOU