OPERATOR TRAINING COURSE

FOR
CHLORINE DIOXIDE SYSTEM FOR
DOMESTIC WATER
SUPPLIED FOR DOHA METRO STATION project

Presented by: Emad Yassin

 Contents
• Chapter 1 Introduction.
• Chapter 2 Chlorine Dioxide System.
• Chapter 3 Maintenance & Troubleshooting.
 Chapter 1 Introduction
• Objectives of the training.
• General.
 OBJECTIVES OF THE TRAINING
1. To give a full explanation on how to operate chemical dosing
system work

2. To give a full explanation on how to maintain chemical

dosing system.
 General
The scope of water treatment program:-
• The interest in the use of chlorine dioxide as an
alternative for or addition to chlorine for the
disinfection of water has increased in the last few
years. Chlorine dioxide is a very effective bacterial
disinfectant and it is even more effective than chlorine
for the disinfection of water that contains viruses.
Chlorine dioxide has regained attention because it is
effectively deactivates the chlorine-resistant pathogens
Giardia and Cryptosporidium. Chlorine dioxide removes
and prevents bio film.
 General cont’d
• Disinfection with chlorine dioxide does not cause
odor nuisance. It destroys phenols, which can
cause odor and taste problems. Chlorine dioxide
is more effective for the removal of iron and
manganese than chlorine, especially when these
are found in complex substances
• LOTUS MINI system produces, doses and controls
Chlorine Dioxide for water disinfection.
• Chlorine Dioxide is produced from diluted base
chemicals: acid-chlorite process by Hydrochloric
 Chapter 2
Chlorine Dioxide System
2.1 Basics and full Operation.
2.2 Settings.
 Basics & Full Operation
The treatment equipment / systems
To achieve the proposed water treatment
programs are:

• Automatic Chlorine Dioxide system.

 Automatic Chlorine Dioxide system
Description
• The Disinfectant residual needs to be maintained in order to prevent excessive growth of bacteria and other
organisms in the storage tank and distribution systems. This is due to the presence of nutrients being available as
growth factors.
• Chlorine dioxide is used as a disinfectant to reduce the formulation of disinfectant byproducts produced on using
Sodium Chlorite And Hydrochloric acid.
• Chlorine dioxide can be formed by chemical reaction of sodium chlorite solution with gaseous chlorine (Cl2(g)),
concentrated hydrochloric acid (HCl), or a hypochlorite (OCl) solution. Chlorine dioxide generators are relatively
simple mixing chambers frequently filled with media (TeflonTM chips, ceramic or raschig rings) to generate
hydraulic turbulence for mixing.
• The basic components of chlorine dioxide generation systems can include the following items in various
combinations:
• Aqueous hypochlorite solution storage and feed system (for hypochlorite-chlorite generators)
• Sodium chlorite solution storage and feed system (for all generators)
• Acid storage and feed system (for direct-acid generators)
• Chlorine storage and feed system (for chlorine-chlorite generators)
• Chlorine dioxide generator
• Chlorine dioxide solution feed system
• The most common method for producing chlorine dioxide is its generation on-site from concentrated sodium
hypochlorite solutions. Chlorine dioxide which is injected into water supplies as a dosage ranging from 0.3 to 0.5
mg/L, typically is reduced to chlorates at approximately 70 percent of the original chlorine dioxide concentration
(i.e., chlorate concentration ranging 0.35 to 1.05 mg/L).
System components

• LOTUS control instrument

• HCl (red) and NaClO2 (blue) metering pumps
• pump for dilution water (grey)
• 3 SEFL flow sensors as security
• MFKT/V multifunction valve as pressure, safety, anti-syphon and
bleed valve
• reaction chamber
• injection valves
• Cl02 probe (LOTUS MINI SCL2 - LOTUS MINI SCL17) or ORP probe
(LOTUS MINI ERH)
• probe holder
• filter
• 2 Chemical drums
 Automatic Chlorine Dioxide system
Sequence of operation
• In the process each chemical is pumped with a specific proportion into a
reactor vessel by two dosing pumps. Each stroke from each pump is
triggered by the controller and counter controlled by a “SEFL” Inside the
•
reactor vessel the
• The System can work in proportional mode with contact water meter,
•
current signal or chlorine dioxide measurement.
• The Chlorine Dioxide production will be considered based on an external
•
chlorine dioxide measuring sensor
• A set point of Chlorine Dioxide concentration will be adjusted as 0.15 ppm
•

• A Limit value of Chlorine Dioxide concentration will be adjusted as the

maximum acceptable concentration (0.2 ppm) before the system
downsizes the production capacity.
Procedure of Start up
• Open the valve for the dilution water storage
tank. The tank starts filling until the float valve
shuts the line.
• Put the suction lances for hydrochloric acid
(HCl 9%) and sodium chlorite (NaClO2 7.5%)
into the cans.
 2.2 Settings
Design & Calculations for Chlorine Dioxide system
• Design Inputs:
• Potable Flow (Maximum) : 12 m3/h.
• Maximum recommended dosage : 0.5 ppm
• Disinfectant : Chlorine Dioxide
• Components of Chlorine Dioxide generator
• M-480a (NaOCl) Concentration : 7.5 %
• M-480b (HCl) Concentration
•
:9%
• Flow rate (max) dosage required per hour:
• [Potable flow (max) x Dosage (max)] / [(Concentration)]
• Flow rate in liters per hour: (12 x 500)/ (1000): 6 Grams of ClO2 / hour
•

• Chlorine Dioxide Generator Components required Dosing rate:

• (NaOCl) 7.5 % Conc : 0.08 Kg/hr

• (HCl) 9 % Conc : 0.067 Kg/hr

Chapter Three: Maintenance & Troubleshooting
Message Problem Solution

Change the chemical can and prime the pump.

Level Acid

One of the chemical cans or the dilu- tion Check the supply line for the dilution water
Level Water
water storage tank is empty. storage tank. Prime the pump.
Change the chemical can and prime the pump.
Level Chlorite

Contact Batch Tank The cable of the level-switch is Check the proper function of the level- switch.
Empty Level disconnected or has a damage

Flow control Acid A dosing control is recognizing lack of or no Prime the corresponding pump.
dosing. Readjust the flow-sensitivity at the dosing
control.
Flow control Water

Flow control Chlorite

Contact SEFL Acid

A cable of the dosing control is

Contact SEFL Water
damaged or disconnected.

Contact SEFL Chlorite

The analog input signal is lower Check the signal supply device. Check the
Analog Input
3.5 mA. signal cable for damages.