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By Prof. S. K.

Chopra
Definition:
 According to ILO “Social Security” is the
protection which society provides for its
members through a series of public measures
against economic and social distress that
otherwise would be caused by the substantial
stoppage of earning from:
 Sickness
 Maternity
 Injury
 Unemployment
 Old age and
 Death
 All social security schemes can be broadly
classified into 2 types:
 1. Social assistance
 2. Social insurance.
 According to the Social Security (Minimum
Standards) (Convention No: 102) adopted by
the ILO in 1952, the following are the 9
components of social security that defines
the scope:-
 1. Medical care
 2. Sickness benefit
 3. Unemployment benefit due to:-
(i) Sickness,
(ii) Industrial accident,
 4. Old age benefit
 5. Employment injury benefit
 6. Family benefit
 7. Maternity benefit
 8. Invalidity benefit and
 9. Survival benefit
Sl Social assistance Social insurance
No

1. A method to provide With contribution of


benefit as a right of beneficiaries with subsidy from
persons for meeting Employer and Government
minimum standards of
living
2. Non-contributory contributory
3. Can not be claimed as a Can be claimed as a matter of
matter of right right.
4. For the groups of For well organized legally
community such as regulated, financially stable
invalids, aged people, community.
disabled
Central Acts/Social Security Schemes for organized sector
1. The Employees Compensation Act, 1923
2. The Employees State Insurance Act, 1948
3. The Employees’ Provident Funds & Misc. Provisions Act,
1952 & The Employees’ Pension Scheme, 1995
4. The Maternity Benefit Act, 1961
5. The Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972

For Unorganised Sector


1. Unemployment Allowance
2. Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojna (PMJJBY).
3. Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojna (RSBY):
4. Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojna (PMJDY)
5. Sukanya Samriddhi Yojna (SSY)
6. National Social Assistance scheme
7. Annapurna Scheme
 First social security measures inaugurated by USA
in 1935 by enacting Social Security Act, 1935.
 India adopted 2 conventions of ILO in 1927.
 Discussed in Indian Legislative Assembly in 1928.
 Then adopted a comprehensive resolution in Asian
Regional Labour Conference held in New Delhi in
1947.
 Following the Resolution, ESI Act, 1948 was
enacted in India to inaugurate social security
measures in the country.
Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) are the guidelines or
principles given to the federal institutes governing the state
of India, to be kept in citation while framing laws and
policies. These provisions, contained in Part IV (Article 36-51)
of the Constitution of India, are not enforceable by any court,
but the principles laid down therein are considered irrefutable
in the governance of the country, making it the duty of the
State to apply these principles in making laws to establish a
just society in the country.
The principles have been inspired by the Directive Principles
given in the Constitution of Ireland relate to social
justice, economic welfare, foreign policy, and legal and
administrative matters.
Article 38
 To secure social order for promotion of welfare of the people.
Article 39
 Provides for equal rights to adequate means of livelihood to
all citizens
Article 41:
 Right to work, to education & to public assistance in
certain cases.
 Lays down that “the State shall within the limits of its
economic capacity and development make effective
provisions securing the right to work, to education and
to public assistance incase of unemployment, old age,
sickness and disablement.
Article 42
 Providing just & human conditions of work and
maternity relief.
Article 43
 Deals with living wage of workers.
Article 43A
 To secure workers’ participation in management in
Industries.
S. K. CHOPRA
+919456590007
skchopra57@rediffmail.com

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