Professional Documents
Culture Documents
F = w.A.Yc.Yp
dF = P.dA = w.Y.dA
dF = w.l.sinα.dA
Force on entire surface :
F = ∫ p.dA = wsinα ∫ l.dA
∫ l.dA = 1st moment of area @
OO’
∫ l.dA = A.lc
F = w.A.(lc.sinα)
F = w.A.Yc
Moment of pressure on
•CONSIDER A PLANE SURFACE
elementry strip
IMMERSED IN LIQUID. dF.l
w.Y.dA.l
•IT INTERSECT AT OO’
•MAKING AN ANGLE Α . w.l.sinα.dA.l
•DIFFERENCE IN FORCE DF & AREA DA
Sum of all From equations
∫w.sinα.l^2.dA w.A.Yc.Yp = w.sinα.Io
w.sinα.∫l^2.dA Parallel axis theorm
▪ ∫l^2.dA = Io Io = Ic + A.(lc^2)
F = w.sinα.Io lp = Yp/sinα
If “lp” denotes dist of lc = Yc/sinα
centre of pressure of the Yp = [(Ic.sin^2 α )/ A.Yc] + Yc
total hydraustatic pressure
force Yp-Yc = [(Ic.sin^2 α ) / A.Yc]
F = w.A.Yc
F = w.A.Yc.Yp
For curved surface pressure
changes point to point therefore,
For the elementary area :
dFh = dF.sinθ = P.dA.sinθ
dFv = dF.cosθ = P.dA.cosθ
θ = inclination of the elementary
area dA with the horizontal.
Here P = w.Y
Fh = ∫ dFh = w. ∫ Y.dA.sinθ
Fv = ∫ dFv =w. ∫ Y.dA.cosθ
∫ Y.dA.cosθ & ∫ Y.dA.sinθ represent
respectively the horizontal & vertical
•AREA DA projections of elementary are dA.
•VERTICAL DEPTH Y Resultant Force :
•PRESSURE INTENSITY P.
F = √(Fv^2+Fh^2)
•DIFFERENTIAL FORCE ACTING IN
DRECTION NORMAL TO THE SURFACE Acting Angle:
IS θ = tan⁻ⁱ (Fv/Fh)
•dF = P.dA = w.Y.dA
•F = ∫w.Y.dA.