HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT

Mr.N.LAKSHMIPATHY

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

Mr. RONALD LAWRENCE. J

SEMINAR CO-ORDINATOR
Mr.Dayanand B

ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS DEPT.

DR. T T I T

By
SHRUTHI ANCHATGERI
8 th sem EEE
1GV08EE039
 INTRODUCTION
 As aircrafts fly higher and faster the services that
the power supply has to satisfy also grow more
complex.

 Aircraft electrical components operate on both AC

and DC.

 Most of the aircraft systems use 115 volts (V) AC at

400 hertz (Hz) or 28 volts DC.
 WHY HIGHER FREQUENCIES FOR AIRCRAFTS?

Advantages –

 Notably in allowing smaller, lighter power supplies to be

used for:

* military hardware

* commercial aircraft operations

* computer applications

 The generators are much lighter in weight

AIRCRAFT VARIABLE FREQUENCY AC
ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM

 Variable Frequency Generation [new aircraft]

 CONTD…
 Generator provides variable frequency supply

» Voltage control around generator

 Direct connection between generator and power bus

» Simple and reliable generation

 Nearly all aircraft loads will require power converters for

control

» Good News for Power Electronics Engineers!

 Mechanical Constant Frequency Generator [traditional]
CONTD…

 Mechanical gearbox creates a constant speed shaft from

a variable speed input.

 Constant speed shaft drives the Generator.

» Voltage control used for the generator

» 400Hz voltage supply – fixed frequency

ADVANTAGES OF VARIABLE FREQUENCY POWER

 An increased efficiency of 80%

 Ease of voltage conversion

 Reduction in system weight and

 Increased reliability.
 DIODE RECTIFIER

 A rectifier is an electrical device that

converts alternating current (AC), to direct current (DC)

 Different types of rectifying circuits:

* Midpoint and bridge rectifiers

* Single-phase and three-phase rectifiers

* Half wave and full wave rectifiers

SINGLE-PHASE DIODE BRIDGE RECTIFIER
 CONTD…

 In conventional single-phase diode rectifiers, diodes

conduct for 180°

 Power factor can be simply and greatly improved by

passive power factor correction technique
INPUT AND OUTPUT VOLTAGE WAVEFORMS OF A
SINGLE-PHASE DIODE RECTIFIER
THREE-PHASE DIODE BRIDGE RECTIFIER
CONTD…

 They are characterized by a nonlinear behavior

 In conventional three-phase diode bridge rectifier

scheme, each diode conducts for 120°

 Thus, brings the AC-side absorbed currents a

significant odd harmonic content
INPUT AND OUTPUT VOLTAGE WAVEFORM OF A THREE-PHASE
DIODE BRIDGE RECTIFIER
NEED FOR THE POWER FACTOR CORRECTION (PFC)
TECHNIQUE

 To reduce THD

 Improve power factor

 Active wave-shaping techniques

 Passive filtering methods

 POWER FACTOR CORRECTION TECHNIQUES IN NON-
LINEAR LOADS
 Active PFCs:

* Use bi-directional high frequency switches

* They need sophisticated control techniques

* Expensive and complex

 Passive PFCs:

* Use passive elements (L, C and R)

* They are simple, reliable and robust

* Less expensive
 THE NEW AC/DC CONVERTER CIRCUIT
FOR VARIABLE
FREQUENCY AC POWER SUPPLY

 To apply the aforementioned passive power factor

correction technique, the three-phase diode rectifier
scheme has to be rearranged

 Three single-phase diode rectifiers are utilized

THE BRIDGE RECTIFIER SCHEME WITH L DC-FILTER AND THE
PROPOSED PFC
 The goal of the proposed PFC circuit
→making the equivalent DC-load resistive

_
where, Zeq is the impedance of the equivalent DC-
load
L is the inductance value of the DC-filter
inductor

 From the above equation:

R* = R, C* = L/(R)^2
THREE SINGLE-PHASE DIODE RECTIFIERS CONNECTED
IN SERIES AT THE DC SIDE
WITH THE PROPOSED PFC
 The equations for the designing of R*, C* parameters
are now rearranged, in which three single-phase
rectifier are connected in series on the DC side

 It results:

Req = Vo / Io

R* = Req / 3
 THE CASE-STUDY
 An analysis on a case-study of a DC-load supplied
with aircraft variable frequency AC power is
developed with the help of MATLAB/Simulink.

 PFC parameters for the case study :

Req = 7.29Ω
R* = 2.43Ω
C* = 1mF
 RESULTS

DC output voltage
waveforms
AC ABSORBED CURRENT WAVEFORMS
 PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS VALUE

 The results indicate that the new circuit shows

convincing performances at all the aforementioned
frequencies.
 As the frequency increases, the THD becomes better.
 VARIATIONS OF THD AND PF OF AC ABSORBED
CURRENTS

THD of different working PF of different working

conditions conditions
 CONCLUSION

In order to adapt to the aircraft variable frequency

AC electrical power supply system without complex
circuit, the conventional scheme of three-phase diode
bridge rectifiers has been rearranged by using three
single-phase diode rectifiers connected in series on the
DC-side; then, power factor has been corrected by
means of a very simple passive correction technique.
Analysis of the new circuit performances at
variable frequencies, developed with the help of
MATLAB/Simulink