Quarry Department

Trainee: ROS Sochea

Position: Junior Engineer Trainee
Trainer: TUY Chhunleng
 Contents

1. Quarry process
2. Unit operation of mining
3. CMIC concession and Topography
A. Mineable reserve estimation at East and Middle Area
4. Lithology of eastern and crusher area
5. Quarry planning
6. Blasting design
A. Pattern design
B. Sources of fly-rock and back-break
7. External Raw Material

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 1. Quarry process

Prospecting Exploration Development Exploitation Reclamation

Geology Mine operation

• Regional geology • OB removal
• Geochemistry • Drilling
• Geophysics • Blasting
• Drilling • Loading
• Sampling • Hauling

Mine Planning Mining processing

• Topographic map • Crushing
• 3D geology solids • Classifying
• Drilling database
• Geo-statistics
• Block modeling
• Quarry long-term planning
• Mine design

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 2. Unit operation of mining

Drilling
Rock Breakage
Blasting

Production
Cycle
Unit
Operation Loading
Auxiliary Material
Operation Handling Haulage

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 2. Unit operation of mining cont.,

Drilling Process Blasting

Production
cycle

Loading

Hauling

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 3. CMIC Concession and Topography

• Concession area 6.96 km2 and L-

Shaped.

• Total depth of drilling hole

exploration 4,264 m and 45 holes.

• Overall mineable reserve

approximately 227 Mt, mining life
201 years included Development
stage.

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 A. Mineable Reserve Estimation at Eastern and Middle area
Reserve in East and middle area
60.00
Total = 118.88 MT
50.00 47.63

40.00
34.14 33.49
Million ton

30.00

20.00

10.00
3.62

0.00
Micritic Limestone Semi Marble Cherty Limestone Argillanceous limestone
Type of rock

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 4. Lithology of Eastern and Crusher area

• Semi-marble and upper micritic

limestone are high-grade limestones with
average CaO contents >54%. Their SR is
low (average 1.8-1.9).
• Lower micritic limestone has lower
average CaO content of 51% and a high
SR of 8.9.
• Chhert Limestone has contained CaO 45-

47% and high SR of 8-18

• Argillaceous limestone is the lowest
grade limestone with average CaO of 42-
44%, SiO2 of 11-12% and Al2O3 of 3.5%.
Average SR is 2.3-2.5.

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 5. Quarry planning

• Geotechnical knowledge to
conduct with Rock slope analysis

• Initial exploitation

• Quarry development: quality &

quantity requirements, seasonality
considerations, chosen
equipment, and stripping ratio

• Dumping site: short distance not

wasting time, No interference with
further development, and stability
Mining & Dumping concept after 50yrs

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 5. Quarry planning

Φ = 5.7 deg

• Berm Height = 75% of truck wheel and width = 1m

• Trench = 0.5m
• Bench height = 12m
• Ramp = 10% ~ 5.7Deg
• Rock slope within safety factor = 1.5 > safe

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 6. Blasting Design

2𝑆𝐺𝑒 Spacing 𝑆 = 𝐵
𝐵 = 0.012 × + 1.5 × 𝐷𝑒
𝑆𝐺𝑟 Sub-drill J = 0.3 x B
Stemming T = 0.85 x B
SGe = Specific gravity of explosive
SGr = Specific gravity of rock Rock volume/hole = B x S x H
De = diameter of drill hole
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 A. Pattern Design

Free Face rectangular pattern Free Face Staggered pattern

Longer Delay time

Shorter Delay time

Blast hole

Development Blast

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 B. Sources of Fly Rock and Back break

M
a
r
kin
g a
n
d
C
o
l
l
ari
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rr
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I
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onal
E r
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or
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U
n
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gau
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o
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lo
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es

D
e
fl
ect
i
on
L
a
yo
ut E
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ors
P
o
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t
ion
H
o
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p
th
S
o
ur
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so
fD
ri
l
li
ngE
r
r
or E
r
r
or
s

• Geological structure
• Blast condition
• Improper charging and firing

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 7. Blasting

Check Current
Cut Emulsion into piece Charging + Measuring

Stemming

ANFO

Emulsion
Electric Gap for blast Initial explosive
De =127mm

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 7. Blasting

After blasted

Back break

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 8. External Raw Material

D = 1m
D ≈ 3m

Clay in Srae Kann Laterite Chhouk

SiO2 < 50% Fe2O3 ≥ 35%
Al2O3 > 25% SiO2 ≤ 50%
Moisture < 18% Moisture ≤ 8%

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 8. External Raw Material

D ≈1m
D ≈1.5 m

New Area Previous Area

Laterite Doung Tung

SiO2 < 50%
Fe2O3 ≥ 30%
Moisture < 10%

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 8. External Raw Material

Bauxite Quarry
Al2O3 ≥ 20%
SiO2 ≤ 30%
Moisture ≤ 15%

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