AIR CONDITIONING

SYSTEM

Presented by
Shahanaj & Reshma
Overview

 Introduction
 Type of air conditioning
 Advantages
 Disadvantages
 Conclusion
Introduction
 Air conditioning (often referred to as AC, A.C., or A/C) is the process of removing heat from a
confined space, thus cooling the air, and removing humidity. Air conditioning can be used in both
domestic and commercial environments. This process is used to achieve a more comfortable interior
environment, typically for humans or animals; however, air conditioning is also used to
cool/dehumidify rooms filled with heat-producing electronic devices, such as computer
servers, power amplifiers, and even to display and store artwork.
 Air conditioners often use a fan to distribute the conditioned air to an occupied space such as a
building or a car to improve thermal comfort and indoor air quality. Electric refrigerant-based AC
units range from small units that can cool a small bedroom, which can be carried by a single adult, to
massive units installed on the roof of office towers that can cool an entire building. The cooling is
typically achieved through a refrigeration cycle, but sometimes evaporation or free cooling is used.
Air conditioning systems can also be made based on desiccants (chemicals which remove moisture
from the air) and subterraneous pipes that can distribute the heated refrigerant to the ground for
cooling.
 In the most general sense, air conditioning can refer to any form of technology that modifies the
condition of air (heating, cooling, (de-)humidification, cleaning, ventilation, or air movement). In
common usage, though, "air conditioning" refers to systems which cool air. In construction, a
complete system of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning is referred to as heating, ventilation,
and air conditioning (HVAC – as opposed to AC).
Type of air conditioning system

 Split air conditioning system

 Window air conditioning system
 Packaged air conditioning system
 Central air conditioning system
 1.Split air conditioning system
 The split air conditioning has at least one unit that sits inside
your room. The compressor sits outside of the room,
sometimes on the ground or on brackets hung to the wall.
Some models come with multiple indoor units that will use
one single compressor, this is known as the multi-split air
conditioning system.
 A split air conditioner consists of two main parts: the outdoor
unit and the indoor unit. The outdoor unit is installed on or
near the wall outside of the room or space that you wish to
cool. The unit houses the compressor, condenser coil and the
expansion coil or capillary tubing. The sleek-looking indoor
unit contains the cooling coil, a long blower and an air filter.
 2.Window air conditioning system
 Window AC units cool specific spaces or rooms at a time. They tend to
be more energy efficient because they don't run throughout the house
constantly, and you can focus on the areas that need to be cooled
instead of cooling your whole home. Window unit air conditioners are
installed in an open window. The interior air is cooled as a fan blows it
over the evaporator. On the exterior the heat drawn from the interior is
dissipated into the environment as a second fan blows outside air over
the condenser. A large house or building may have several such units,
requiring each room to be cooled separately.
 Window air conditioner is sometimes referred to as room air conditioner
as well. It is the simplest form of an air conditioning system and is
mounted on windows or walls. It is a single unit that is assembled in a
casing where all the components are located. This refrigeration unit has
a double shaft fan motor with fans mounted on both sides of the motor.
One at the evaporator side and the other at the condenser side.
 3.Packaged air conditioning system
 There are two types of Packaged Machine:
 Roof top packaged:
 Evaporator coils and fans, condenser coils and fans, expansion device and compressor
are inbuilt in the unit and it often comes in capacities ranging from 11TR - 40 TR. The
entire unit is weather proof and located on the roof of the building. Ducts can be used
to carry the conditioned air to and from the unit. The main advantage of the unit is
reduced installation efforts since everything except duct and air terminals is factory
assembled.
 Packaged Unit:
 It can be separated as Indoor unit and Outdoor unit. Indoor unit contains evaporator
coils and fans, expansion device and compressor. Outdoor unit contains condenser coil
and fans. This unit comes in the range of 5 TR - 20 TR. The advantage of the packaged
unit compared with split machines are higher capacities ducting can be done to cater
multiple rooms. Advantage of packaged machine compared with roof top packaged
machine is the reduced duct length since the indoor machine can be located within the
building.
 4.Central air conditioning system
 Central air conditioning is a method of structural cooling in which
a centralized unit cools and dehumidifies air before circulating it
throughout a building. This is in direct contrast with systems that
rely on individual units in rooms or suites of rooms. Central air, as
it is also known, is often bundled with a heating system, as both
rely on similar amounts of electrical power and ductwork to
distribute cooled or heated air. This type of air conditioning is
generally seen in large structures, or in homes in extremely hot,
humid climates.
 With central air, the main unit is often located outdoors or in an
isolated area of a building because a great deal of noise is
generated during the refrigeration cycles that cool the air and
help to extract humidity. The unit connects to ductwork that runs
throughout the building, with blowers pushing cold air out of the
ducts to cool down rooms. The air conditioner also vents to the
outdoors to get rid of excess heat and moisture.
 Advantages
 Increased comfort level.
 In extreme heat, air-conditioning can be a life saver.
 Most air conditioners also reduce the humidity level, which helps both comfort, and reduces mold
growth.
 Less noise as the windows will be closed.
 Prevents the dust entering the room as the windows will be closed.
 Gives constant temperature.
 Attractive design.
 Simple control.
 Easy maintenance.
 Easy installation.
 Disadvantages
 Most air conditioners use a substantial amount of energy.
 High cost money.
 Contributing to pollution from power plants.
 Older models contain chemicals that can damage the environmentif they escape.
 Encourages laziness.
 Habitant spending time indoors instead of out.
 Habitants have less contact with nature.
 Too cool temperatures will lead to improper blood circulation.
 Effects the environment by releasing the cfc's.
 Conclusion:
As a conclusion, the Recirculating Air conditioning unit may used to demonstrate and evaluate most of
the processes found in practical air conditioning plant, such as heating, cooling, humidification,
dehumidification air stream. Sometime two or more of these process are needed to bring air to desired
temperature and humidity level. Various air conditioning processes in psychrometric chart. Notice that
simple heating and cooling processes appear as horizontal line on this chart since moisture content of
the air remains constant (ω = constant) during this processes. Air is commonly heated and humidified in
winter and cooled and dehumidified in summer. Notice how these processes appear on the
psychrometric.