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Tube Fin
Heat Exchangers Car radiators
CONDUCTION: Extended Surface
Type of fine:
CONDUCTION: Extended Surface
qx x qx xx qc
dT dT
kA kA h(P.x)(T T )
dx x dx x x
dT dT
kA kA h(P.x)(T T )
dx x x dx x
CONDUCTION: Extended Surface
dT dT
dx dx x
kA x x
h(P)(T T )
x
x approach to 0
d 2T hP
2
(T T ) 0
dx kA
Define, (T T )
d 2 hP
2
0
dx kA
Assume that no heat lost from the tip of the fine or apply the
adiabatic condition at the tip.
condition become;
Boundary
x=0 o (To T )
d
x=L 0
dx
CONDUCTION: Extended Surface
dT
Fourier’s law: q kA
dx
x L
1
So, amount of heat released from the fin: q hPkA 2
To T Tanh mL
CONDUCTION: Extended Surface
LC=L+t/2
t With convection
insulation
L t/2
Original fin length L
Modified fin - adiabatic at the tip
Original Fin
For fins with negligible heat loss at the tip, the
boundary conditions involved are;
= o = To - T at x = 0
d
0 at x = L
dx
Fin Efficiency :
(hPkA)1/ 2 (To T ) tanh mL tanh mL
f
h( PL)(To T ) mL
For fins with convection at the tip surface, the
boundary conditions involved are;
Temperatur e Distributi on :
T T cosh mL x sinh mL x
To T cos mL sinh mL
Fin Efficiency :
t
(hPkA)1/ 2 (To T ) tanh mL tanh mL where Lc L rectangula r @ circular fin
f 2
h( PLc )(To T ) mL D
Lc L pin fin
4
For long fins, we assume that the temperature at the
fin tip approaches the temperature T of the
surrounding fluid.
where
A cross - sectional area of the fin (m 2 ) wt
L 3(1 / m)1/ 2 P parameter of the fin (m) 2w 2t
Tfin tip T
1/ 2
hA
fin tip Biot no.
kP
1/ 2
hP
m
kA
Temperatur e Distributi on :
q f A f h(To T )
T T f actual
e mx qideal A f h(To T )
To T where A f outside surface area of the fin PLc wt
circular fin A f 2 Lc r1 r1
2 2
longitudin al fin A f 2 wLc
f
m
L
ro q qbare q fin
ho At (To T ) f ho A f (To T )
T 1 1
Ti (To T )
ho At f ho At
T ho
(To T )
To
1
ho ( At f At )
ri
(To T )
R
where
At area of bare tube/expo sed
A f area of fin
CONDUCTION: Extended Surface; long fin
Example of temperature
distribution along the long fin with
constant cross section area.
Temperature at the tip is
constant at TL
Boundary condition;
x=xo T=Tb
x=L T=TL
hp
x
kA c
Tx T (Tb T )e
CONDUCTION: Extended Surface; Efficiency
.
Qmax hA f Tb T
. .
Q f f Qmax f A f Tb T
There are two type of tube fin which normally used in gas heat
exchanger:
aluminum f ?
k 222 W/m.K
q?
t 2 mm
L 0.04 m
t
Lc L
2
2 10 3
0.04
2
0.041
1
h 2 30
Lc 0.041
kt 222( 0. 002)
0.337
Lc r1 0.041 0.04
r1 0.04
2.025
Lc r1
Lc 0.337, 2.025 from the figure 4.13 - 5b, we get f 0.89
r1
A f 2 r1 Lc r1
2 2
0.03118 m 2
q f A f h(To T )
0.89(0.03117)(30)(523.2 343.2)
149.9 W
without fin,
q Ab h(To T )
(2rt )h(To T )
2 (0.04)( 2 10 3 )(30)(523.2 343.2)
2.71 W
Ti T Ti T
q
Ri R pipe Ro 1 ln( ro / ri ) 1
hi A 2kL h0 ( At f A f )
U i Ai (Ti T )
1 1
Ui
Ai R 1 ri ro Ai
ln
hi k w ri h0 ( At f A f )