The literature of a formative past by the various groups

of people who inhabited the archipelago

A literature of varying human interest
Close to the religious and political organizations of the
ancient Filipinos
The verses were addressed to the ears rather than the
eyes
Verses composed and sung were regarded as
group property

Versification:
Octosyllabic
Legendary and religious poems
Dodecasyllabic
Romance
Dalawang Balon
Hindi Malingon

Sa araw ayBunbong
Sa gabi aydahon
Sang dalagang marikit
Nakaupo sa tinik

Kung bayaa’y nabubuhay

Kung himasi’y namamatay
Made up of one or more measured lines with rhymes
and may consist of 4 to 12 syllables
Showcase the Filipino wit, literary talent, and keen
observation of the surroundings
Involves reference to one or two images that symbolize
the characteristics of an unknown object that is to be
guessed
To entertain. Living in remote areas, before the advent of
electricity, families would sit around the fire and the elders
would quiz the younger generation with riddles.
To educate. Riddles serve the function of passing down
knowledge from one generation to the next. They require
thinking in order to solve them.
To titillate. Many old Filipino riddles contain double
entendres that were intended to amuse the men and shock
the women.
To curse, without expressly cursing. A riddle could be
made up against an enemy, rival town, or suitor.
To preserve the culture. Riddles communicate the old
ways from one generation to the next.
Ate mo, ate ko, Ate ng lahat ng tao.(My sister, your
sister, everyone's sister)
Atis (Sugar Apple)
Epigrams/maxims/proverbs

Short poems that have been customarily been used

and served as laws or rules on good behavior by our
ancestors
Allegories or parables that impart lessons for the
young
Often expressing a single idea, that is usually satirical
and had a witty ending
Maxims- rhyming couplets (5,6,8 syllables)
Ex of salawikain
Ang matapat na kaibigan, tunay na maaasahan. - - -You
will know a true friend in time of need.
Ex of Sawikain
kumukulo ang dugo
"blood is boiling" = is veryangry
isulat sa tubig
"write on water" = forget about it

Ex of Maxims
Pag hindi ukol,
Hindi bubukol.
-means
What is not intended for one will not bear fruit.
 Used in witchcraft or enchantments

Sa hinaba-haba ng prusisyon
Sa simbahan din pala ang tuloy

Hele hele
Bago kyeme
Halimbawa (for example):

Tabi, tabi po, Ingkong

Makikiraan po lamang.
Used in teasing or to comment on a
persons’ acutations
“Catitibay ca tolos
Sacaling datnang agos
Aco’ I momonting lomot
Sa iyo’ I popolopot”
Nag-almusal mag-isa
Kaning lamig, tinapa;
Nahulog ang kutsara
Ikaw na sana, sinta
A quatrain with seven syllables each with the same
rhyme at the end of each line
No title
7-7-7-7
AABB
Ex. “Tahak ng tingin, tulak
ng sulyap, yakap, lapat
ng titig sa balikat.
hatak pa, kindat, hakat”
traditional poetry of the Hanunoo Mangyans of
Oriental Mindoro which is normally inscribed on
bamboo using a pre-Colonial syllabic writing system
called the Surat Mangyan .
seven-syllable metric lines
can be composed of more than four lines
usually chanted
teaches lessons about life
recited by parents to educate their children, by the
youth to express their love, by the old to impart
experiences, or by the community in tribal ceremonies
on some occasions like burial rites, the ambahan is
used for entertainment

Sugot nga maaw kunman

Tangdayan no ma-amban
Sabungan no manuywan
Impad las yami daywan
Hanggan buhok timbangan
Hanggan sa balod pangdan
Bugkat di way yamungan
Bilang dayi bunlagan
No kang tinaginduman
Kang magpahalimbaw-an
Ga bugtong ti bilugan
(Isn't this the truth with all:
If the wife is good and kind,
the husband reasonable,
you have always friends around,
like long hair drooping so nice.
Till the final burial mount,
you'll be sleeping on one mat.
You don't want to separate
Putting down my thoughts like this:
An example very clear,
being TWO, you're only ONE.)
derived from Philippine folk literature, which is the
traditional oral literature of the Filipino people. This
refers to a wide range of material due to the ethnic mix
of the Philippines
There are many different creation myths in Philippine
mythology, originating from various ethnic groups.
Story of Bathala
Visayan version
The legend of Maria Makiling
Presence of different deities
Ex. Bathala
Lakambakod
Mythical creatures
Aswang
Dila
Diwata
Dwende
Tikbalang
Mankukulam
Ifugao – Hudhud hiAliguyon
Ilocos – Biagni Lam-ang
Bicol - Ibalon
Mindanao – Darangan
Panay – Hinilawod
Bagobo - Tuwaang
Kalinga – Ulaliim
Manobo – Agyu or Olahing
Subanon - Sandayo
Aliguyon
the exploits of Aliguyon as he battles his arch-enemy, Pambukhayon
Biagni Lam-Ang
tells of the adventuresvof Lam-Ang who exhibits extraordinary
powers at a very early age.
Ibalon
the story of three Bicol heroes: Baltog, Handiong, Bantiong
Hinilawod
oldest and longest epic poem in Panay
the exploits of three Sulodnon demigod
brothers, LabawDonggon, Humadapnon and Dumalapdap of
ancient Panay
 IBALON FESTIVAL

Hinilawod
a form of folk lyric which expresses the people’s
hopes, aspirations, and lifestyles
repetitive and sonorous, didactic and naive
traditional songs and melodies
inspired by the reaction of the people to their
environment
uyayi – lullaby
komintang – war song
kundiman – melancholiclove song
harana – serenade
tagay – drinking song
mambayu – Kalinga rice-pounding song
subli – dance-ritual song of courtship /marriage
Tagulaylay- songs of the dead
WAKAS