Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Electronic Clocks
Contents
Introduction
Mechanical clocks
Electronic clocks
o Analog clocks
o Digital clocks
Digital clock with crystal oscillators
Clock display
Cost and cost effective designs
Conclusion
Introduction
• The clock is one of the most important discoveries in the history of
man and civilization.
• The division of time into slots with different sizes and units is
fundamental to the operation of society as well as individual.
2. Comfortable to use
3. Cost effective
4. Manufacturable
Pendulum clocks have been used to keep time since 1656, and they have
not changed dramatically since then.
When you look at a pendulum clock from the outside, you notice several
different parts that are important to the mechanism of all pendulum clocks:
• There is the face of the clock, with its hour and minute hands .
In most wall clocks that use a pendulum, the pendulum swings once per
second. In small cuckoo clocks the pendulum might swing twice a second.
In large grandfather clocks, the pendulum swings once every two seconds.
How the pendulum swings
(a) (b)
• w0 = (g/l)1/2
1) crystal oscillators,
4) power supplies.
Power supplies are devises that get the AC power from the
line and turn it to DC power, exactly like power we get from
a battery. In our presentation we only use the battery types.
Digital clock with crystal oscillators
The last part in this study is to find out the cost of a digital clock, and
compare it to a one in the market.
Why?
Calculate the price for a digital clock you build, and compare it to your choice
of a desk clock bought from a department store.