Computer Resources

Management &
Troubleshooting

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 Agenda
 Computer Resource Management
1. Hardware Resources
1. Plugging/Unplugging hardware device
2. Software Resources
1. Adding/Removing Programs
2. Files Management
3. System Settings

 Troubleshooting tips
1. Quick Checklist
2. PC Startup Troubleshooting Tips
3. PC Software Troubleshooting Tips
4. Hardware problems
5. Dos and Don’ts
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 Computer Resource Management
Hardware Resources

 Plugging/Unplugging hardware device

1. New hard ware device like Mic,Speakers,pen

drive etc can be plugged in the appropriate slots
2. Generally system automatically detects the
device and install the respective driver, if it is
not installed otherwise installs it
3. Unplug the device only after proper shutdown.

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 Computer Resource Management
Software Resources (1)

 Adding and Removing Programs

1. Click on Start>>Settings
2. Select Control Panel
3. Select Add/Remove Programs
 Files management
In windows files are managed through windows
explorer. Following are the
general problems with the files :
1. Can’t find a file
2. Can’t modify a file
3. Not able to open/read

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 Computer Resource Management
Software Resources (2)

 System Settings
All system level settings can be done through Control Panel.
Some of them are listed below
 Date/Time
 Adding New Printer
 Computer settings ( like name, putting it in the network
etc)
 If it is in the Network then assigning IP can be done

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 Problems with Files (1)
 You can’t find a File
- Mistyped File name
- Incorrect Folder name in which file is being searched
- File accidentally / intentionally deleted
( Check in Recycle Bin as probability of repetition of same
accident is very rare)

You can locate a file by name / last update

date/ contents using “find /search ” option
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 Problems with Files (2)

You cannot modify a file

- File is read-only
- File is being used by the system or
by somebody on the network
- In case file is on a diskette, the
diskette is write-protected

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 Problems with Files (3)
 Not able to open/read a file
- File may be password protected
- It could be virus infected
- Already many copies of the same file
are kept open
- The supporting S/W is not being
used/installed to see the file contents

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 Quick Check List

 It does not start !

 It suddenly hangs !

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 Quick Check List
It does not start
 Ensure the PC is plugged in to a power supply and
turned on 
 Look for any loose or damaged cables and cords
that attach to your computer.
 Make sure that all of your floppy drives are
empty
 If on a network, check with other users of the
network in your vicinity to see if their PC's are
functioning normally. 
 If all of the above seems to be fine, try turning
off the computer completely and restart it (cold
booting). 

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 Quick Check List
It suddenly hangs

 Power Cut off

 Keyboard/Mouse disconnected or malfunctioning
 Insufficient memory
 Disk error
 Visual display goes off
 Abnormal shutdown of Computer

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 Tips

 Error Messages
 Viruses
 Startup File Issues
 Registry Problems

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 Viruses
A computer virus a small program that
attaches itself to another program or
document and replicates with the potential
to cause damage.

 What damages Virus can cause ?

 How do Virus spread ?
 How to protect your system ?
 In case, virus is detected ?

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 What damages virus can
cause ?
Once a virus is run, it can impact
memory, affect performance,modify data
or delete files. Some viruses can wipe out
hard disks or make them inaccessible.
Viruses also result in significant
wasted resources dealing with the
problem.

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 How do viruses spread?
 By diskette, network, e-mail or Internet downloads.
 Occasionally, they are accidentally spread within
packaged S/W.
 Boot sector viruses spread when a user
inadvertently boots his system from an infected
floppy disk
 Macro viruses can spread by simply opening an
infected document.

Viruses cannot spread on their own and must be run (or

executed) by someone to cause damage .

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 How to protect your
system?
 Do not use virus infected floppies.
 Write protect your floppies, when
being read only.
 Use original copy of the S/W
procured from reliable sources.
 Do not loan your program disk.
 Do not let anyone use your system
with external floppies.

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 In case, Virus is detected

 Start the system in standalone (Safe) mode.

 Run anti virus program and try to
retrievethe data (if required, take
professional help)
 If virus persists, format the hard disk.
(Remember to take backup before
formatting)
 Reload system S/W from original source and
copy your data and programs from
backup floppies.

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 Tips
 Software Doesn't Work
– Your program won’t load
* Mistyped or incorrect command
* Conflict with other programs
* Insufficient system requirements
(i.e., not enough memory)
 Program crashes
- Low memory
- Conflict with other programs
- Software bug
- Improper installation of the S/W
- Virus infected S/W
Note: We may get the message of “illegal operation”

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 Hardware Problems
 Boot problem
 Problem with power supply or CPU chips
 Video card problem
 Keyboard Error
 RAM error
 Hardware Doesn't Work
 Device Isn't Recognized
 IRQ Conflicts
 Problems after booting
 PC Freezes
 PC restarts while in use
 Problems related with common Computer
Hardware
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 PC Freezes
 Check CPU fan, case fan and power box fan,
make sure all are working and clean off dust.
Check hard drive, CPU, power supply for over
heating. Some video cards may also heat up and
create excessive heat inside the case. Make
sure that the case is kept cool, by maintaining
good air flow.
 Scan hard drive for bad sectors.
 Make sure all devices are functioning properly
are plugged in. Unplug any faulty device.
 Unplug any new devices or software installed.
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 PC restarts while in use
 One problem could be bad RAM, replace
RAM and restart machine. Open up
resource hungry applications like Office,
Photoshop, many instances of internet
explorer until all the ram is used up. If
system doesn't freeze or restart .
 Check capacitors on motherboard make
sure that they aren't bulging, leaking, or
burned. If they are - that's the problem.
 Scan for viruses.
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 Problems related with Common Computer
Hardware
 Monitor
 Keyboard
 Mouse
 Printer
 Audio I/O Devices
 Harddisk
 Compact Disk

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 Problems related with Common Computer
Hardware
Monitor
 No Power Supply or improper connection
 Monitor controls & settings may be
disturbed
 Incorrect Video Card Setup
 Incorrect Video driver loaded
 Bad Video Card or Monitor

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 Problems related with Common Computer
Hardware
Keyboard

 Keyboard connection loose or

disconnected
 Caps Lock or Num Lock keys
turned on accidentally
 Keyboard malfunctioning

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 Problems related with Common Computer
Hardware
Mouse

 Improper Connection
 No mouse driver loaded
 Wrong or incorrect mouse driver loaded
 Mouse driver conflict with another device
 Mouse Pad or table surface may not be
even
 Dust/dirt on Track Ball

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 Problems related with Common Computer
Hardware
Printer

 No Power Supply or improper connection

 Paper miss-fed or jammed
 Incorrect S/W setup
 Incorrect fonts installed
 Hardware Problem

Don’t remove paper with force. Don’t use

inferior quality paper/ toner/ ink /ribbon

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 Problems related with Common Computer
Hardware
Audio I/O Devices
 Check that the Devices cord is plugged
in the proper slot.
 hardware conflict should not exist
between your audio card and another
device in your system.
 For Audio output (speakers) check the
Microsoft Volume Control or the Audio
Mixer Program mute options and volume
sliders.

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 Problems related with Common Computer
Hardware
Harddisk
 Check for Bad sectors
 If the system is not coming up then it can be
startd from bootable media (CD/Floppy disk),
then is can be checked
 De-fragmentation
 Cleaning of Harddisk by removing
temporary/unwanted files, to increase the
space

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 Problems related with Common Computer
Hardware
Compact Disk
 Check if the CD is bad, by putting it in
another computer
 If the disk can be read from another
computer, the disk drive may be bad and
need replacement by a technician.

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 Dos and Don’ts (1)
Topic Do’s
System Putting ON system
Starting / Input Power supply source
Closing CPU< Monitor, Printer,
Modem etc
Shutdown the system
Properly.
Protection Run latest version of
from Virus Antivirus program in the
system.
Write protect your floppies,
when being read only.
Email Check for new mails
frequently.Be prompt in
acknowledging &sending the
reply.Be Short & specific in
writing messages.
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Don’ts
Don’t put in or pull out any cable
when the system is ON.
Don't put other CD/Floppies
when the system is booting.
Don’t allow unauthorized people
to use your computer
facilities.
Don't use virus infected floppies/
CD.
Don't use pirated or unauthorised
S/W.
Don’t execute all the files
attached to emails (.exe files)
Do not sent big files as
attachments without prior
consent of recipient.Don’t write
endless essays. Avoid Junk mails.
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 Dos and Don’ts (2)
Topic Do’s
File Management Give appropriate file name &
store in appropriate folders.
Assign passwords to confidential
files.
Delete Unwanted files
File sharing over Use proper password for the
LAN system, and should not be shared
with anyone to prevent
unauthorised person.
Keep system locked, through
password even if you are going out
for a short time.
Password at folder level for
sharing the files over network
should be given unless they are to
be made available to all.
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Don’ts
Avoid keeping of same file
unless it is essentially required.
Don’t give share permission on
the Network, whenever required
it may given but for a limited
time only.
Don’t give update rights to
other users.
Don’t delete files which are own
by some other users in the
Network.
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 Thank
You….
For further information and suggestions please contact
Training Division
National Informatics Centre
A-block, CGO Complex
Lodhi Road, New Delhi-110003
E-mail:sotrg@nic.in
Website: http://training.nic.in

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