Professional Documents
Culture Documents
In
Iron Making
Working of a Blast Furnace
contd.
Chemical Reactions
1) 3 Fe2O3 + CO = CO2 + 2 Fe3O4
Cleaned BF Gas
Cleaning of Raw BF Gas
B.F.
B.F. GAS
NETWORK
EQUALISING
LINE
DIA. 700 MM
DUST
CATCHER
SCRUBBER
ESP-1 ESP-2
T.A.
Gas inlet TRT not in operation,
300,000nm3/hr normal operation
NEW GAS
1.8 bar,g
200 ºC
CLEANING
410 m3/hr
PLANT OF
B.F. - 7
Water outlet
642 nm3/hr
55 ºC
240 m3/hr
3 Lines
3 AGEs
Water inlet
650 m3/hr.
33 ºC
Gas outlet
36.7 ºC
0.100bar,g
5 g/nm3 moisture content
BSP
TYPICAL ANALYSIS OF STEEL
PLANT GASES
S.NO. CONSTITUENTS B.F.GAS COKE OVEN L.D.CONVERTER
GAS GAS
Combustible part
1. Carbon Monoxide 19-21% 8.7% 55 – 60 %
3. Methane - 24.4% -
Having smell of
6. Odour Odourless Odourless
H2S and
naphthalene
TO GCP SCRUBBER
BF GAS
DUST
CATCHER
DUST
BLEEDER A1
A2 A3
EQUALISING
VALVE
4 WATER COLLECTOR
9 NOZZLES IN EACH
WATER COLL.
STEAM
water
GAS VALVE
FLOAT
CHAMBER
SCRUBBER
Throttle
WATER
VALVE
SCRAPER
ROD
DRAIN
VALVE
SCRUBBER ATOMISER
THROTTLE ASSEMBLY
Water
collector
Carbon Monoxide
Gas Exposure
Carbon Monoxide Gas Exposure
DO NOT
Crowd around the victim.
Leave victim alone.
Allow him to sleep.
Give anything to eat or drink.
Allow victim to run.
Ignore any symptoms.
Safe
Safe Limit
Limit of
of Carbon
Carbon
Monoxide
Monoxide inin Air
Air
Threshold limiting value (TLV) for
8 work hours day :
50ppm or 0.05 mgms/lt
Short term exposure limit (STEL)
for 15 minutes TLV exposure :
400ppm or 0.456 mgms/ lt
Detection of Gas Leakage
• Watch wind direction.
• Monitor near by areas with portable CO
monitor
• Evacuate people in the direction of wind
• Wear breathing apparatus if CO conc. is high.
• Check Valves, flanges & throttles .
• Watch for visible gas leakage spot on gas line
• Carefully listen if any hissing sound of gas
leakage is present.
• Call Gas Safety
• Watch for water droppings.
• Watch for discoloration of down below
structures and pipeline.
Action to be taken During gas
Leakages
• Approach from the direction of wind.
• Breathing apparatus is must.
• Cordon Off the Entire area.
• Monitor gas concentration in the area.
• Identify the source of leakage
• Asses the direction of gas flow.
Contd.
From Pre-slide
3 Casualties
1 Fatal
Layout
Stove Area Affected
BF- 4 Area
Remote opening
Persons
switch +11.2 mt level
Approach
Dust valve
winch Dust
Catcher
Furnace Cut
off valve
winch
Sec. Dust Housing
valve
Winch
winch
Room Dust valve dia
D/C 600 mm
bleeder
winch Victim +6.4 mt level
Approach
Furnace cut off valve
Dust Catcher
operating panel
bleeder opr panel
ROAD
Observations
• Due to the absence of any level sensor, valve
closing is totally dependent on the skill &
experience of the operator. Slight delay in
closing can cause heavy leakage of BF gas.
• Dust valve motor was found out of
foundation & all coupling bolts except one
were broken.
• Slight delay in reducing the Blast to 0.25-0.3
kg/cm2 from 1kg/cm2
Contd.
From Pre-slide
Stove-20
Steam line
Stove-19
Isolated
Stove-18