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r Variable Frequency Drive (VFD)
r A VFD can be used to control both the speed and
torque of a standard induction AC electric motor.
r It varies both the frequency and amps of the AC
waveform being delivered to the motor saving money
in electricity.
r Basic components of a VFD:
r Input section, draws AC electric power from the utility,
Rectifier section, converts the AC into DC power.
r Inverter section, converts DC back into a controllable AC
waveform.
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r Úhe synchronous speed of AC motor is determined
by the frequency of the AC supply and number of
poles in the stator winding according to the
relation:
n = (120 x f)/p
where
n=revolutions per minute(rpm)
f=AC power frequency(Hz)
p=Number of poles per phase
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r [
: Intermediate DC link voltage remains
approximately constant during each output cycle.
r [
: Large inductor is placed between the input
rectifier and the output bridge, so the current delivered is nearly
constant.
r [
: No input rectifier or DC link and instead connects
each output terminal to the appropriate input phase.
a
^Úhey are solid state electronic power conversion
devices.
^First converts AC input power to DC intermediate
power using a rectifier or converter bridge.
^Rectifier: usually 3-phase, full wave diode bridge.
^DC intermediate power is then converted to quasi-
sinusoidal AC power using an inverter switching
circuit.
r Inverter circuit is probably the most important
section of the VFD - changes DC energy into three
channels of AC energy that can be used by an AC
motor.