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metal-oxide layer.
Is similar to a GMR spin valve except that
a very thin insulator layer is sandwitched
between magnetic layers instead of metal
layer .
The difference in resistance between the
spin-aligned and nonaligned cases is much
speed. •
MRAM None ??
• Fast read &write
speed.
• Low power
Comparison with DRAM & SRAM
In DRAM & SRAM, a bit is represented as charge stored in
capacitor.
In MRAM, data is stored as magnetic alignment of electrons in
a ferromagnetic material. Spin up represents ‘0’ and spin down
represents ‘1’.
MRAM promises:
• Density of DRAM
• Speed of SRAM
• Non-volatility like flash memory.
That’s why its called universal memory.
256 K MRAM
Journey of MRAM
Problems encountered:
1. The density of bits was low.
2. Cost of chips was high.
Improved designs to overcome these problems would work
only at liquid nitrogen temperature.
An important breakthrough was made in the year 2009.
Scientists at the North Carolina State University discovered
a semiconductor material ‘ Galium manganese nitride’ that
can store & retain spin orientation at room temperature.
And research is still going on…
Thanks for your attention…!!!
Any Queries ??