Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Chlo Marshall
Department of Language and Communication Science, City University London
Keynote talk at the Dyslexia Action Summer Conference, 30th June 2011
Dyslexia
Significant difficulties in learning to read and spell, despite:
Adequate exposure to literacy Normal sensory abilities Average or above average nonverbal IQ No additional developmental disorder that could explain literacy difficulties
Characteristics of SLI
(example from boy aged 8)
SLT: CHILD: SLT: CHILD: SLT: CHILD: SLT: CHILD: SLT: CHILD:
What does your brother Ryan like to eat? Pot noodle and chips And what about you? And hes like crisps He likes crisps, what about you? I just like icecream, not pot noodle. You dont like pot noodle? I think its disgusting. I agree with you! Make me sick. Started to hurting.
3
Characteristics of SLI
(same child as before)
CHILD:
And the girl was thinking to eat the chocolate, making a mess. Suddenly the girl was filled with a mess! And the lady was bit surprise! And who is that lady? The mum! The lady clean him on his face. On her face. Its a girl, isnt it? The girl. So she cleaned her on her face, thats right. What will she do with the clothes? Make him dirty. Well, the girls made them dirty so what will mummy do with the clothes? Take them to the wash! 4
Also found in signed languages Affects around 7% of preschool children Can persist into adolescence/ adulthood Has a genetic component
5
SLI 50 113 49
Dyslexia
Perhaps SLI turns into dyslexia? Many preschool children diagnosed with SLI go on to have dyslexia.
dyslexia
normal phonology
Language deficits
SLI
Problems: Not all children with SLI have dyslexia. Not all children with SLI have phonological deficits of the type found in dyslexia
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11
Buzz is stirring his tea. Everyday Buzz stirs his tea. Yesterday Buzz stirred his tea.
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13
-0.5 z-score
-1
-1 5
-2
-2 5
TROG
BPVS
CELF-rs
TWF
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-1 -score
-1.5
- .5
-3
WOR read
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Speech perception (log) Non-word discrimination (%) Non-word repetition (%) Digit span (raw)
0.17 73 51 9
0.20 80 68 10
0.30 78 78 11
0.57 90 96 16
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Summary
Many children with dyslexia have SLI, but not all. Many preschool children diagnosed with SLI go on to have dyslexia. Children with SLI may, however, have adequate single word reading skills, BUT have difficulties with reading comprehension. Children with both SLI+dyslexia often score particularly poorly on language and literacy assessments. Poor phonology underlies some of the language impairment in SLI, but is not the whole story.
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