You are on page 1of 9

Impact of ICT on Society:

Jobs Education Crime and policing Retailing Health Business Money and banking Communication

New jobs: Programmers, web designers, ICT teachers, etc.

Telecommuting: Working from home

Working patterns: More flexible employment/working, more part time working

Skills: Constant retraining needed

Jobs

More flexibility: No longer jobs for life

More jobs: Computer manufacturers, delivery drivers, call centre employees, etc.

Fewer jobs: Filing clerks, shop workers, postal workers; manual/repetitive jobs replaced

Letters: Mail merge not typed on a typewriter

Teaching: Interactive whiteboards, internet, projectors

Records: Details of all pupils held on file, reduces administration

Timetables: Generated by computer

Education

Reports: Produced electronically, e.g. mail merge

Computer Aided Learning: On-screen learning materials, computer aided assessment

Registration: OMR registers, scanned to update central database, produce absence lists

National High Tech Crime Unit: NHTCU investigate hacking, electronic fraud, etc. Police National Computer: Databases criminals, vehicles, fingerprints, DNA, stolen property, HOLMES Other: Automatic number plate recognition, communication systems

Credit card: Cloning theft of card details

Electronic fraud: Stealing money electronically

Crime and Policing

Hacking: Unauthorised access into computers possibly to steal money or data Software Piracy: Stealing software, not paying for licences

Viruses: Programs designed to corrupt a computer system

Home Office Large Major Enquiry System

EPOS: Electronic Point Of Sale read barcode, communicate with stock control system, total price, print receipt, calculate change

EFTPOS: Credit/Debit card details sent for authorisation

Loyalty Cards: Identify customers details, track spending habits, offer discounts, collected data used for data mining and targetting customers

Retailing
Barcodes: Unique identification of all items, check digit, used to search the stock control system Internet Shopping: Credit card payment, buy from anywhere, anytime. Issues p&p, returns, security, trust, etc.

Stock Control: Details of stock quantities, prices, restock limits

Electronic Funds Transfer Point Of Sale

Monitoring/Diagnosis: Heart rate, blood pressure, etc. Expert systems, CAT scans NHSnet: Project to connect all GP surgeries, networked to hospitals

Medical Training: Simulation software, on-line data sources

Patient Records: Held electronically, rather than paper files

Health

Pharmacy records: Contra-indications, stock

NHS Direct: Web site for information on health care, treatments, conditions, etc.

Hospital Administration: Patient attendance, print labels, allocate beds, order food, make appointments, send letters, staff rotas

Other: Paperless office, teleconferencing

Teleworking: Fewer desks needed hot desking, workers control the times they work, etc.

Computer Aided Design (CAD): 3D designs, scale drawings, interface with manufacturing machines

Business
Internet: Drastically changed the businesses operate Robots: Used on production lines repetitive/hazardous jobs, reduces human error, increases efficiency

Computer Aided Manufacture (CAM): Control of the manufacture process by computer

Home Banking: Customers use the internet or telephone to administer their account Cheque Processing: Cheques are scanned, account numbers read (MICR) to identify the account

Automated Payments: Bankers Automated Clearing House (BACS) Credits, e.g. salary payments, etc.; Debits, e.g. direct debits, loan payments, etc.

EFT: Credit/Debit card details sent for authorisation, from retailers or ATMs Cash Machines: Automated Teller Machine (ATM) hole in the wall access to bank accounts

Money and Banking

Smart Cards: Chip and Pin data held on a small silicon chip rather than magnetic stripe, customer enters a pin rather than signs receipt
Electronic Funds Transfer

Credit/Debit Cards: Magnetic stripe holds the card details which are read when swiped

Mobile telephones: Can send voice, image, text, data (from a linked computer) Fax: Sending an image of a document electronically

Networks: LANs or WANs

Connection Methods: Cable, radio/microwaves, infra-red, satellite, etc. Internet: Largest WAN, international network of computers connected by communication lines

Communication

Tele/Video Conferencing: people in different locations communicating as if they were in the same location

E-mail: Message sent from 1 person to another using computers connected to a network

WWW: World Wide Web collection of pages with links to other pages (hyperlinks)

You might also like