IPv6 - The Next Generation Internet Protocol

Name- Kamini M. Koparkar Roll No.- 3012 Class- T.Y.COMPUTER Batch-A

Contents

Introduction History What is IP ? What is IPv6? Features of IPv6 IPv6 Base Header Format IPv6 Extension Header example Conclusion Bibliography References

Introduction

The Internet is one of the greatest revolutionary innovations of the twenteeth century. IP version 6 (IPv6) is a new version of the Internet Protocol, designed as the successor to IP version 4 (IPv4) [RFC-791]. IPv6 is designed to solve many of the problems of the current version of IP (known as IPv4) such as address depletion, security, autoconfiguration, and extensibility.

History

IPv6 was recommended by the IPng Area Directors of the Internet Engineering Task Force at the Toronto IETF meeting on July 25, 1994 in RFC 1752.

The Recommendation for the IP Next Generation Proto The recommendation was approved by the Internet Engineering Steering Group and made a Proposed Standard on November 17, 1994. The core set of IPv6 protocols were made an IETF Draft Standard on August 10, 1998.

What is IP ?

The Internet Protocol (IP) is a protocol used for communicating data across a packet-switched internetwork using the Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP). IP is Connection-less protocol IP supports unique addressing for computers on a network. Most networks use the IP version 4 (IPv4) standard that features IP addresses four bytes (32 bits) in length. The newer IP version 6 (IPv6) standard features addresses 16 bytes (128 bits) in length

What is IPv6 ?

IPv6 is short for "Internet Protocol Version 6". The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) has designated IPv6 as the successor of IPv4, the first and still dominant version of the Internet Protocol, for general use on the Internet. IPv6 fixes a number of problems in IPv4, such as the limited number of available IPv4 addresses.

IPv6 supports 128-bit addresses, the source address and the destination address, each being, 128 bits long.

Features of IPv6
According to the IPv6 specification, the changes from IPv4 to IPv6 fall primarily into the following categories:

Expanded Addressing Capabilities Header Format Simplification Improved Support for Extensions and Options Flow Labeling Capability Authentication and Privacy Capabilities

IPv6 Base Header Format

0
Version

8
Prio

12

16

24
Flow Label Next Header Hop Limit

31

Payload Length

Source Address (128 bits)

Destination Address (128 bits)

Field Purpose Version- IP version number (4 bits) = 6 PriorityDelivery priority (4 bits) Flow Label-Flow identifier (24 bits) Payload LengthLength of rest of packet (16 bits)

Field Purpose Next HeaderHeader type of next header (8 bits) Hop Limit- Packet lifetime (8 bits) Source Add.-Originator of packet (128 bits) Destination Add.-Intended recipient of packet (128 bits)

FIGURE : IPv6 Extension Header example

IPv6 Header
Next Header = TCP IPv6 Header Next Header = Routing IPv6 Header Next Header = Routing

TCP Header
+ Data

Routing Header TCP Header Next Header = + Data TCP Routing Header Fragment Header Fragment of TCP Header Next Header = Next Header = Fragment TCP + Data

Conclusion

IPv6 uses 128-bit addresses IPng provides a platform for new Internet functionality IPv4 options become IPv6 Extension Headers Fixed header size. Extension headers instead of options for provider selection, security etc IPv6 features: routing flexibility, plug-nplay, multicast support, flows.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

IPv6 Essentials by S. Hagen (OReilly) (Best introduction) IPv6: The Next Generation Internet Protocol By Stewart S. MillerPublished by Digital Press IPng, The New Internet Protocol by C. Huitema (Prentice Hall) IPng, Internet Protocol Next Generation by S. Bradner & A. Mankin (Addison-Wesley) IPng and the TCP/IP Protocols by S. Thomas (Wiley)

References

C. Huitema, "IPv6: The New Internet Protocol," Prentice-Hall, 1998, 247 pp. IP Next Generation, http://playground.sun.com/pub/ipng/html/ipngimplementations.html IP: Next Generation, http://www.cnri.reston.va.us/ipng/ipng.html

THANK YOU !

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