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TERRORISM

PRERSENTED BY: GEETIKA GULYANI, NAMIT KUMAR,

NEHA SINGH,
SANGYA SINGH, SANJIT PANDEY.

Terrorism

Is an unlawful act of violence

Intimidates governments or societies


Goal is to achieve political, religious or ideological objectives

Terrorism is a political act designed by groups to have their message heard.


Often we talk about terrorism, without really defining it. Terrorism is not warfare, the goals are different. Terrorists want to seed a political message into our minds, murder, and violence are secondary. Hitchcock is a perfect spokesperson for terrorism as he is the master of terrorism. Terrorist make us afraid, which makes them heard.

warfare seeks to conquer territories and capture cities; terrorism seeks to hurt a few people and to scare a lot of people in order to make a point NY Times, 1/6/2000
Often we talk about terrorism, without really defining it. Terrorism is not warfare, the goals are different. Terrorists want to seed a political message into our minds, murder, and violence are secondaryTerrorist make us afraid, which makes them heard.

Putting the horror in the minds of the audience, and not necessarily on the screen

On Sept. 11 the Twin Towers received a body blow by a terrorist..

Early History of Terrorism

Terror has been used to achieve political ends and has a long history Terror was used to resist occupation.

Early History of Terrorism

Suicidal martyrdom represented being killed by invaders which resulted in rewards in heaven. It dates back thousands of years in most societies and religions. Terrorism against the enemy is often viewed as a religious act.

Terrorism has been viewed as honorable by the side who practices it. It is viewed as a crime against humanity by the victims of the countries attacked.

Modern History of Terrorism


The term terrorism was coined in the French Revolutions Reign of Terror (1793 1794). . This was the birth of Government-Sponsored Terrorism The line between terrorism and political violence is often blurred.

Terrorism conclusions

an ancient tactic. a mode of communication. a special type of violence and Asymmetrical warfare. used in times of peace, conflicts and war. designed to make a point, through psychological means, fear. a political act.

Anatomy of a Bioterrorist Attack

Preparation 5 years

Terrorism takes much Time and planning


The problem is that few recognize the time course of terrorism. There is a long, protracted time period of planning, followed by a short execution phase and short diagnosis phase. The terrorist on Sept. 11 prepared for almost 5 years before finally attacking. The time between execution and first death is typically small.

Execution 1 day Diagnosed case 3 days First Death

Multiple deaths

Property of Terrorism

Terrorism is different from regular crime because of its strong political properties. The definition of terrorism can vary from people to people due to the differences in standpoint

Prevention of Terrorism

Primary prevention: Education!!! Understand the differences in cultures, religions, beliefs and human behaviors Think of the peace, freedom and equality of all human beings, not just my group of people Eliminate the root of terrorism Secondary prevention: Establish surveillance and monitoring system on terrorism attack Improve protective system for citizens

Prevention of Terrorism

Tertiary prevention Early detection of the sources Prevent the extension of impairments Rescue the survivors Console the rest of the population

Types of Terrorism

Domestic terrorism involves groups whose terrorist activities are directed at elements of our government without foreign involvement. International terrorism involves groups whose terrorist activities are foreign-based and/or directed by countries or groups outside the country. Sept. 11 is an example of International Terrorism.

Methods of Terrorism

Firearms Explosive and Incendiary Devices Chemical Agents Biological Agents Nuclear Weapon

Suspicious Thing to Look for

Chemical Agents

Chemical agents kill or incapacitate people, destroy livestock or ravage crops Some agents are odorless and tasteless They can have an immediate or a delayed effect

Example of Chemical Terrorism


On the morning of March 20, 1995, the Tokyo subway system was hit by synchronized chemical attacks on five trains. Using simple lunch-box-sized dispensers to release a mixture containing the military nerve agent Sarin . killed twelve people and injured about a thousand others. The incident was unusual because the cult was using nerve gas that it had made in its own facilities.

Biological terrorism

Dispersal of microbes or their toxins to produce illness, death and terror The paths of infection can be contaminated water, food, air and packages. Microbes Bacteria Viruses Toxins

Phillip L. Coule, M.D.

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Responses to Bioterrorism

Early detection of active and potential cases Emergency measures to save lives Prevention and management of secondary contamination

Nuclear Terrorism

Spreading of radioactive materials through ventilation system or explosion Disable nuclear reactor cooling system and cause leakage of radioactive materials

Detonate a nuclear weapon


No use of nuclear material for non-military terrorism has ever occurred

Proportion of death from terrorism in total death in the United States


Average death per year 1990s From terrorism 8 From all causes 2534203 Proportion (%) 0.0003

2001

2893

2404624

0.12

What occupation has had the greatest risk of death from Terrorism?

Why did terrorism draw considerable attention in 2001?

The risk of dying from terrorism was extremely low in 1990s, and was still relatively low compared with some diseases in 2001 But the death rate increased by 500 times in 2001 due to Sept. 11 Overall the death rate of terrorism has not been high Despite the low risk, shock, surprise and fear engulfed the United States and world

Conclusion

An unlawful act Terrorism has a long history of being used to achieve political, religious and ideological objectives Terrorism can be conducted through firearms, explosive devices and biological, chemical, nuclear materials Even through the events of 2001,the risk of dying from terrorism has remained much lower than that from motor vehicles, smoking, and alcoholic beverage.

THANK YOU

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