DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

ANDHRA PRADESH
Name of the faculty : J Srinivasa Rao
Designation : Lecturer
Branch : D.A.E.I.E
Institute : Govt. Polytechnic, Kothagudem
Year/Semester : VI Sem
Subject : Analytical Instrumentation
Subject Code : AEI-603
Topic : Introduction to Analytical
Instrumentation and
spectrophotometers
Duration : 50 Min
Sub Topic : Infrared Spectrophotometer
Teaching Aids : PPT,Pictures

AEI-603.10 1
 Objectives

On completion of this period you will be able to

know about Infrared spectrometer

• Principle
• Construction and Working
• Applications of Infrared spectrophotometer

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 Recap

In the In the last class we have learnt about visible

spectrometer.

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 Principle

• Infrared spectroscopy is based on the vibrations

and rotations induced in a molecule by
absorption of radiation

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 CONSTRUCTION

The spectrophotometer consists of the following

elements

• A source of radiation
• A monochromator
• A detector

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I.R Spectrometer

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 Radiation source
• The infrared radiation extends from 0.8 to
200μm.
• The source of radiation in infrared
spectrophotometer is ideally a black body
radiator.
• The energy emitted by a black body radiator
varies with wavelength and with temperature.
• The common practical infrared sources are
Globar rod. Nernst filament and Nichrome wire.

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 Radiation source

• The common practical infrared sources are

Globar rod, Nernst filament, Nichrome wire.

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 Monochromators

• Prisms and gratings are used as

monochromators for infrared region.
• For high resolution prisms made of sio2, NaCl
and KBr are used.

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 Entrance and exit slits

• Entrance and exit slits are used to produce

narrow bandwidth with a better spectral
definition.

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 Detectors

• Detectors used in infra red

spectrophotometers usually convert the
thermal radiant energy into electrical
energy.
• The detectors used are thermocouple,
bolometer and golay cells.

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 Working of I.R spectrophotometer
• The light from the radiation source (Globar rod
or Nernst filament) is made to fall on the mirrors
m1 and m2.
• The double beams generated are used as a
sample beam and a reference beam.
• By means of a combined rotating mirror the
source is flicked alternately between the sample
and reference paths.
• The light from the mirrors pass through the
grating, so that only a relatively narrow band of
wavelength is allowed.
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 Working

• The dispersed light through the exit slit reaches

the thermocouple detector.
• The detector converts the infrared radiation into
equivalent voltage signal.
• This voltage signal is applied to a high speed
plotter.

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APPLICATIONS OF IR SPECTROSCOPY

Infrared spectrometers are used in

•Analyzing alcohol
•Analyzing drugs
•Analyzing Paints
•Analyzing fibers

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 Summary

In this class we have learnt about

• The infrared spectrometer operates in the range of 0.8 to

200μm.
• The common practical infrared sources are Globar rod.
Nernst filament and Nichrome wire
• Prisms made of sio2, NaCl and KBr are used.
• The detectors used are thermocouple, bolometer and
golay cells.

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 QUIZ

1.The infrared radiation ranges from

b. 0.8 to 200μm
c. 100 to 200mμ
d. 8.0to 200cm
e. None of the above

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 QUIZ

2.The common practical infrared sources

are

b. Globar rod
c. Nernst filament
d. Nichrome wire
e. All the above

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 QUIZ

3.The detectors used in infrared

spectroscopy are

b. Thermocouple
c. Bolometer
d. golay cells
e. All the above

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 Frequently asked Questions

• Explain the construction and working of Infrared

spectrophotometer.

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