DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL

EDUCATION ANDHRA PRADESH

Name : A.Vinay Kumar
Designation : H.O. D
Branch : Applied Electronics and Instrumentation
Institute : Q.Q.GPT , HYD
Subject : Analytical Instrumentation
Code No : AEI-603
Major Topic : Mass spectroscopy & Chromatography
Duration : 50 Mts
Sub Topic : Derivation of m/e ratio
Teaching Aids : ANIMATIONS,DIAGRAMS

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 Objectives

On completion of this topic you are able to know

about Mass spectrometer

• Derivation of m / e ratio.

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 RECAP

In last class we have learnt about the mass

spectrometer

• Block diagram

• Operation and principle

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Mass spectrometer

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DIAGRAM

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• Heated Tungsten filament produces an electric beam

• It passes between plates A and B

• A difference in electrical potential between A and B pulls

out ions from the beam

• They pass through the slit in B into the region B and C

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• Potential difference between B and c can be adjusted

from 0 V to several thousand Volts

• The ion beam enters into the trapezoidal shaped

magnetic poles

• It is deflected through an angle of 600, 900,1200 and 1800

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• Ion beams of successive greater may pass through a slit

• These ions falls on a collector electrode. They produce

minute electric current

• They can be amplified and measured

• Amplitude indicates the No. of ions in each of beam

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 Derivation

• When ions pass through an accelerating electric field

• 1
mv 2  eV .......  1
2

• Where
m = Mass of the ion
e = Charge of the ions
v = Velocity of the ion
V = Accelerating voltage

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• 1/2mv2 is the Kinetic energy of the ions leaving
the electric field
• Equation (1) can be written as

1/2
 V 
v   2e
•  m  -----(2)
• When ions enter into magnetic field which is at right
angles to the direction of

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• When ions enter into the Magnetic field which is at right
angles to their direction of motion
• The ions would be diverted into circular orbits

• Equating centripetal and centrifugal force

v2
m  hev........(3)
r
• Where

• h = Magnetic field intensity

• r = Radius of curvature

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The equation (3) becomes as

mv
r  ........(4)
eh

Substituting equation (1) in Equation (4) we get

1/2
 2ev  m
r  .........  5 
 m  eh

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• By simplifying the above equation we will get
the following equation

m h2r 2

e 2V
Except ‘m’ and ‘V’ all the parameters are constant

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• By varying ‘V’ it is possible to cause an ion of any

mass to follow the path

• which may be coincide with an arc of the analyzer tube

in the magnetic field

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 Summary

In this class we have learnt about the

• Derivation

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 Quiz

1. Mass/charge ratio in mass spectrometer

depends on

a. Radius (r)
b. Magnetic field strength (h)
c. Accelerating voltage (v)
d. None

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 Frequently Asked Questions

1.Derive the equation for m/e ratio in mass spectrometer?

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