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ANDHRA PRADESH
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Recap
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First Order Low Pass Butterworth Filter
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Frequency response
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• No loading of RC network
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Analysis
• Voltage across C is
-jxc
v1 vin
=
R-jxc
vin
v1 =
1+j2πfRC
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Output voltage, v0= [1+RF/R1] V1
V0=[1+RF/R1] [Vin/1+j2πfRC]
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V0 1+RF/R1
=
Vin 1+j2πRC
where
V0
= Gain of filter
Vin
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V0 AF
Gain magnitude =
Vin √ (1+f/fH)2
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V0
1.At low frequency, f < fH , = AF
Vin
V0 AF
2.At f = fH , = = 0.707 AF
Vin √2
V0
3.At f > fH , < AF
Vin
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• When frequency increases by 10 times, gain
decreases by 20dB
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Design
• Calculate R = 1/2πfHC
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Summary
• Frequency scaling
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Quiz
• 0.586AF
• 0.207AF
• 0.307AF
• 0.707AF
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2.Formula for cutoff frequency fH?
a) 1/2πfC
b) 1/2πLC
c) 1/2πRC
d) 1/2πC
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3.When frequency increases in first order LPF, gain
decreases by?
b) 30 dB
c) 20 dB
d) 10 dB
e) 05 dB
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4.In frequency scaling which elements values can be
changed?
b) R&L
c) L&C
d) R&C
e) R&L&C
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Frequently Asked Questions
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