DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

ANDHRA PRADESH
Name : A.CHAKRAVARTHI
Designation : HOD
Branch : Applied Electronics and
Instrumentation Engineering Section.
Institute : SGPR Govt Polytechnic, Kurnool.
Year / Semester : V Semester
Subject : Process Control
Subject Code : AEI – 504
Topic : Introduction to Process Control
Duration : 100 Mts
Sub Topic : Examples of Controlled Variable and
Manipulated Variable
Teaching Aids : Diagrams
AEI 504.7 to 8 1
 Objectives

On the completion of this topic you would be able

to know :

• Definitions of controlled variable & manipulated variable is not

given
• Example of Controlling of temperature of liquid in the tank

AEI 504.7 to 8 2
Controlling of temperature of the liquid

Figure : 1
AEI 504.7 to 8 3
As shown in Figure 1.

• The process variable to be controlled is temperature of

the liquid in the tank.

• TL is the controlled variable.

• Qs is manipulated variable.

• QA,QB = flow rates in pipes A and B.

AEI 504.7 to 8 4
• Qs = steam flow rate.

• TA = ambient temperature.

• TO = inlet fluid temperature.

• TS = steam temperature

AEI 504.7 to 8 5
 Hardware Elements

• Transducer : Thermocouple
.
• Controller : Computer

• Final Control Element : Control valve.

AEI 504.7 to 8 6
 CONTROLLING MECHANISM

• This process control loop regulates the dynamic variable

that is temperature of the liquid.

• The controlled variable TL is the liquid temperature may

depend on many other parameters and thus suffer
changes from many different sources.

• If the measurement of controlled variable (TL) shows a

deviation then the controlling parameter (QS) is

changed, which interned changes the controlled variable.
AEI 504.7 to 8 7
 Examples of the controlled variable

•Examples:

a) Temperature f) Concentraction
b) Pressure
g) Density
c) Flow rate
h) Viscosity
d) Level i) PH
e) Displacement
j) Humidity

AEI 504.7 to 8 8
 Examples of manipulated variable

• Examples: a) Coolant flow

b) Fuel flow

c) Feed water flow

d) steam flow

AEI 504.7 to 8 9
 SUMMARY

Upon the completion of this topic you would be

able to know

• Examples of Controlled Variable and Manipulated

Variable.

• Example of Controlling of temperature of the liquid in the

tank.

AEI 504.7 to 8 10
 QUIZ

1. Controlled variable is also called as

A) Controlling Variable.

B) Manipulated Variable.

C) Dynamic Variable.

D) None of the above.

AEI 504.7 to 8 11
 QUIZ

2. Manipulated Variable is also known as

A) Controlling Parameter.

B) Controlled Variable.

C) Dynamic Variable.

D) Process Variable.

AEI 504.7 to 8 12
 QUIZ

3. Coolant flow is a

• Manipulated variable.

• Controlled Variable.

• Process Variable.

• Load Variable.

AEI 504.7 to 8 13
 Frequently Asked Questions

1) List the examples of controlled variable.

2) List the examples of manipulated variable.

AEI 504.7 to 8 14