DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

ANDHRA PRADESH
Name : Smt .RANI KAVATI
Designation : LECTURER
Branch : Applied Electronics and Instrumentation
Engineering
Institute : S.G.P.R GOVT Polytechnic, Kurnool
Semester : V Semester
Subject : PROCESS CONTROL
Subject code : AEI-504
Topic : controller principles
Duration : 50min
Sub Topic :composite controller modes (PD)
Teaching Aids : Animations.
AEI 504.17 1
 Recap
In previous class we have discussed about

• PI controller

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 Objectives

On completion of this period, you would be able to

• State the composite controller modes (PD & PID )

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Proportional + derivative control

• Effective where the system lags are high

• Derivative action provides the boost necessary to counter

act
the time delay associated with such control systems

• Derivative control leads proportional control by 90º

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 Applications
• Used in multi capacity process applications

Advantages

• Reduce the magnitude of offset because of narrow

proportional band

• Properly fits and adjusts to a process and prevent

controlled variable deviation

• Reduces the time required to stabilize

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 Disadvantages

• Does not eliminate offset after a load disturbance

• It cannot be used where the system lags are less.

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Analytical expression for PD controller is:

P = Kp ep +Kp KD dep +p0

dt

Best example for PD controller:

• Batching operations like periodic shutdown ,

emptying and refilling.

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Proportional + Integral+ derivative control

•Three control effects are combined

•Stability provided by proportional control

•Elimination of offset by reset control

•Immediate correction for the disturbance by rate control

• Provides fast response

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• Analytical expression for PID controller is:

P = k p ep +KP KI 0∫I dt + Kp KD dep+pI(0)

dt
• Best example for PID controller:

A gas –fired –oil, heating furnace.

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 Summary

We have discuss about

• Proportional+ derivative controller modes.

• Proportional +Integral+ derivative controller modes

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 Quiz

1. Proportional + derivative control is effective where the

system lags are

a) Small

b) Average

c) None of the above

d) High

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1. Proportional + derivative control does not eliminate the

offset after a load disturbance

b) Yes

c) No

d) None of the above.

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 Frequently Asked Questions

• Explain proportional + derivative control mode

• Explain proportional + Integral + derivative control mode

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