DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

ANDHRA PRADESH
Name : K.Sambaiah
Designation : H.A.E.I.E.S
Branch : Applied Elect.&Instru. Engg.
Institute : GMRP, KARIMNAGAR.
Year/semester : V Semester
Subject : PROCESS CONTROL
Subject code : AEI-504.
Topic : Introduction to continuous batch
process and Final control
Elements
Duration : 100 min.
Sub topic : Distributed Control Systems (DCS)
Teaching aids : ppts, Diagrams
AEI504.38to39 1
 Objectives

On completion of this topic you would be able

to know…
• Introduction to distributed control systems (DCS)

• Architecture of DCS

AEI504.38to39 2
 Recap

In previous class we have discussed about :

• Direct digital control (DDC)

• Its draw backs

AEI504.38to39 3
 Distributed Control Systems

• It is realisation of control tasks on multiple computer

system.
• Multiple computer system not mean multiple main
frame types
• It has local autonomous computing devices having
input and output capability interconnected through
digital communication link.

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 Distributed Control Systems

• All are coordinated by a main frame computer

• So DCS have advantage of
• Local control
• Also centralized coordinated control
• So failure of a part of system effects locally ,
but not operation of complete system.

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Block diagram of DCS

AEI504.38to39 6
 DCS Consists Of Four Sections

• Several microprocessor based controllers for first level

control functions

• For higher level control functions at least one

coordinating controller and a large main frame computer.

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DCS Consists of Four Sections Contd…

• Interconnecting digital data links and Organising

protocols needed for computer to computer
communication or communication links between
computers and other equipment

• A centralized information display unit

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 DCS Architecture

• DCS architecture mainly consists of

• Local controllers (LC)

• Coordinating controllers (CC)

• Data links (DL)

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 DCS Architecture Contd…

• Long distance data links (LDL)

• Short distance data links (SDL)

• Central information display (CID) unit

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 Explanation

• Local controllers (LC):

• These are microprocessor based types
16 digital
• It can handle 32 signals

16 analog
• The signals are sequentially processed through suitable
algorithms

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 Explanation

• To produce required o/p’s in closing the loop

• The local controller has associated function such as …

• Local displays

• Put alarms

• Receive local operator and supervising inputs

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 Coordinating controller

• It is a main frame computer

• It is communicating with local controllers and displays

modules through data links

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 Coordinating controller

• It’s main task includes

• Scheduling
• Data base management
• Data and event logging
• Management reporting
• Optimization, adaptation

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 Data links

• Data links are provided by

• Coaxial cables
• Optical fibres
• Links are several kilometers long
• Designed to carry high speed digital data

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 Central information display (ID) unit

• A set of visual display units visible from central location

• Formats of display are in accordance with the

requirements of users and are chosen as per their

convenience

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 Summary

We have discussed about

• Distributed Control Systems

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 Quiz

1. Distributed control system (DCS) architecture consists

of

a) Local and coordinated controllers (LC, CC)

b) Data links

c) Central information display unit

d) All the above

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 Frequently Asked Questions

1. Explain distributed control system (DCS) with block

diagram

3. Give the importance of DCS in industrial applications

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