DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

ANDHRA PRADESH
Name : K.Sudha
Designation : Lecturer
Branch : DA.E.I.E
Institute : K.D.R.G.P.T, Wnp, Mbnr Dist.
Semester : V
Subject : Process Control
Subject code : AEI-505
Topic : Process control system configuration
Duration : 50 minutes

Subtopic : Introduction of Ratio control

Teaching Aids : PPTs, Animations, Diagrams
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 Objective

On completion of this topic, you would be able to

know about

• Ratio control

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 Ratio Control

• It maintain a relationship between two variables to

provide regulation of third variable

• Used primarily for blending ingredients into a product

• Or used as feed controls to a chemical reactor

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Ratio Control

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• Ratio systems actually portray the most elementary form
of feed forward control

• The load input to the system ,if changed, would cause a

variation in the controlled variable

• This can be avoided by proper adjustment of the

manipulated variable

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• The load (wild flow) may be uncontrolled or it can be
controlled independently

• Or manipulated by another controller that responds to the

variables of pressure, level, etc.

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 Flow Ratio Control

• Ratio control is applied almost exclusively to flows

• Maintains a certain ratio R of ingredient B to ingredient A

R = B/A

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Method 1

• There are two ways to accomplish this ratio

• More common method manipulates a flow loop whose

set point is calculated

• B = RA

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• The set point is set by an adjustable gain device known
as a ratio station

• Since the calculation is made outside of the control loop,

• it does not interfere with loop response

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Method 2

• The second method is to calculate R from the individual

measurements of flows A & B

• The calculated ratio would then be the controlled variable

input to a manually set controller

• Changes in the set point would change the ratio

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• The disadvantage of this system is that it places a
divider inside a closed loop

• If flow B responds linearly with valve B, the gain of loop

will vary because of divider

• The differentiation of ratio is

• dR/dB = 1/A = R/B

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• The gain varies with the ratio & with flow B

• The gain varying inversely with flow can cause instability

at low rates

• To overcome this an equal percentage valve must be

used

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 Ratio Stations

• To brought ratio control,

• a computing device must be used whose scaling

requires some consideration

• The ratio station normally has a gain range about 0.3 to

3.0

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 Quiz

1. Ratio control is mainly applied to?

a) Level

b) Pressure

c) Flow

d) humidity

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 Frequently Asked Questions

2. Explain the two ways of maintaining a ratio in ratio

controller?

2. Write short notes on ratio stations?

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