DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

ANDHRA PRADESH
Name : B.Balaji
Designation : HAEIE
Branch : Applied Electronics & Instrumentation
Institute : Govt polytechnic for Minorities, Guntur
Semester : V Semester
Subject : Process Control
Subject code : AEI-504
Topic : Process instrument Diagrams
Duration : 100 Mts
Sub Topic : P&I Diagrams, use of letter code in

Identification of Instrument
Teaching Aids : Diagrams
AEI504.71 to 72 1
 OBJECTIVES

On completion of this period, you would be able to

know the

• P&I Diagram

• Use of letter code in identification of instruments

AEI504.71 to 72 2
 P&I DIAGRAM

• A standard form and set of symbols are used in the

preparation of drawings of process control systems

• The drawing is often referred to as piping &

instrumentation ( P & I ) drawing

• The diagram is called as P&I diagram

AEI504.71 to 72 3
• The P&ID are definitive and comprehensive diagrams

showing all of the equipment , piping , valves and

instrumentation

• All items must be identified using a standard numbering

system

• The number should include a size , material and fluid

contents

AEI504.71 to 72 4
• P & ID is a detailed graphical representation of a process

including the hardware and software

( ex: piping ,equipment ,instrumentation ) necessary to

design , construct and operate the facility

AEI504.71 to 72 5
 Use of letter code in identification of
instruments

The following rules and instructions are used in

use of letter code for identification of instruments

• Letters of English alphabet are used in letter code

• All identifying letters shall in all cases be written in

upper case

AEI504.71 to 72 6
• The maximum number of identifying letters in any
combination shall be three. The only exception is in the
use of PH or chemical symbols such co2 pair is treated as
a single letter.

• A letter shall have only one identification or significance in

its use as a “first” letter in any combination to define the

process variable.
AEI504.71 to 72 7
• A letter shall have only one definition or significance when

used as either the “second” or the “third” letter in

combination to defined type of device.

• No hyphens shall be used between letter or combinations

of letters.

• Use of letter codes and their significance of first, second or

third place can be easily understand by the given table.

AEI504.71 to 72 8
 TABLE
Meanings of Identification Letters

First Place Second Place

Third Place
Identificati (Measured or (Read out or
(Output
on Letters Initiating Passive
function)
Variable) function)
A Analysis Alarm -
B Burner, flame User 's choice User's choice
control /
C Conductivity -
controller

AEI504.71 to 72 9
 Density or specific
D -
gravity
-
Primary element
E Voltage
(sensor) -

F Flow rate/ Flow -

-
Glass, viewing
G Gaging
device -
Hand (manually
H -
Initiated) -
Indicate/ Indicator /
I Current
Indicating -
AEI504.71 to 72 10
J Power - -

K Time - control Station

L Level Light -
M Moisture - -
N User's choice User 's choice User's choice

O User's choice Orifice / Restriction -

Pressure or
P Point / Test connection -
vacuum
Q Quantity - -

AEI504.71 to 72 11
 Radiation/Ratio /
Record/Recording/Re
R -
corder
Radioactivity
Speed or
S - Switch
frequency
Transmit /
T Temperature - Transmitter /
Transmitting
U Multivariable Multifunction -

AEI504.71 to 72 12
V Vibration / Viscosity Valve/ Damper -

W Weight, Force Well -

Event Relay /compute/

Y -
/State/Presence convert

Driver, Actuator,
Z Position, Dimension (Final Control
Element)

AEI504.71 to 72 13
 EXAMPLES
S.NO TAG NAME NAME OF THE INSTRUMENT

1 PA PRESSURE ALARM

2 SR SPEED RECORDER

3 FE FLOW SENSOR

4 TI TEMPERATURE INDICATOR

5 TW TEMPERATRE WELL

6 FT FLOW TRANSMITTER

AEI504.71 to 72 14
 S.NO TAG NAME NAME OF THE INSTRUMENT

1 PIC PRESSURE INDICATING CONTROLER

2 HCV HAND CONTRLLED VALVE

3 PCV PRESSURE CONTROL VALVE

Note: Generally the second letter represents read out /

passive function followed by out put function letter. But
the exception is that the output letter C (control)
precedes the out put letter V (valve)

E.g.. HCV, PCV

AEI504.71 to 72 15
 SUMMARY

• P&I D is a piping & Instrumentation Diagram.

• It is a pictorial representation of the process/Device.

• Upper case English alphabets are used as letter code in

identification of instrument.

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 QUIZ
1. Pressure control valve can be represented by

a) PCV

b) PVC

c) PIC

d) NONE OF THE ABOVE

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 Assignment

1) Describe the following names of the instruments

1 FR
2 FIC
3 HS
4 HV
5 PI
6 TR

AEI504.71 to 72 18
 Frequently asked questions

1. Write about P and I Diagram

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