DEPARMENTOF TECHNICALEDUCATION

ANDHRAPRADESH
Name : N.Sanjeeva Rao
Designation : Lecturer
Branch : Applied Electronics & instrumentation
Engg
Institute : Govt. polytechnic for women, srikakulam
Year/Semester : 1V Semester
Subject : Process Instrumentation –II
Sub. Code : AEI-405,
Topic : Flow Measurements
Duration : 50mts
Sub- Topic : Introduction To Venture Tube
Teaching Aids : PPT, Animations, photographs
AEI405.25 to 26 1
 Objective.
• Upon completion of this topic you will be able to explain
• Venture tube
• Working principle of venture
• Its merits and demerits.

AEI405.25 to 26 2
 Venture Flow Meter

• It is head type flow meter

• It follows Bernoulli's theorem

• It works on the principle that by reducing the

cross sectional area of the flow passage a
differential pressure is created

• This differential pressure is proportional to the

discharge through the pipe

AEI405.25 to 26 3
Venture Flow Meter

Fig-2

AEI405.25 to 26 4
Equation of Bernoulli's theorem

2 g ( P1  P2 )
Q   EA2
e1

AEI405.25 to 26 5
 Construction

Venturi meter consists of

• Converging conical section

• Cylindrical throat
• Diverging Section

AEI405.25 to 26 6
AEI405.25 to 26 7
Fig- 3
AEI405.25 to 26 8
 Converging Conical section : converging cone
converges from diameter D at its upstream side to
diameter d at this down side stream.

• As the flows takes place in the convergent cone the

velocity increases and pressure decreases.
• the convergent cone has a sharp angle of 21±20.

AEI405.25 to 26 9
 Throat

• It is a small portion of circular pipe in which

diameter is kept constant .

• In this section the flow velocity neither

increases nor decreases i.e. in steady state

AEI405.25 to 26 10
 Diverging section

• The downstream side of the throat examples from

throat d to D is known as divergent cone .

• The angle of divergent cone is 5 to 150

• It results in pressure recovery

AEI405.25 to 26 11
 Operation

• The pressure at different locations are measured

• By knowing the pressure differences, we can

calculate the flow rate using the equation

2 g ( P1  P2 )
Q   EA2
1

AEI405.25 to 26 12
Where
Q = flow rate

ø = expansion factor
E = velocity approach factor
A2 = area of cross factor
e1 = density at pressure
Pd = P1 – P2 = pressure differences
g = acceleration due to gravity

AEI405.25 to 26 13
AEI405.25 to 26 14
AEI405.25 to 26 15
• The pressure tapings can be placed at the
upstream entrance to the convergent cone and at
the throat.

• The flow rate or the discharge rate can be

determined by the following equation .

AEI405.25 to 26 16
 A1 A2 2 gh
Q
A A
1
2 2
2

• A1=cross sectional area at the inlet

• A2= cross sectional area at the throat

• h=Difference of pressure head in a U-tube

• g=Acceleration due to gravity

AEI405.25 to 26 17
 Advantages

• Simple in operation

• Low pressure loss

• Good reliability

• No moving parts.

AEI405.25 to 26 18
 Experimental setup
P it o t - T u b e
H o u s in g

T e s te d P ip e

S t a t ic P r e s s u r e f r o m P r e s s u r e T a p s
To
To A tm o s p h e r e
A tm o s p h e re

D A 2 D A 1
D if f e r e n tia l
M a n o m e te r S ta tic
P re s s u re

P re s s u re S ta g n a t io n
T ra n sd u c e r P re s s u re

V a lv e S im p le
M a n if o ld M a n o m e te r

V e n tu ri M e te r
LE G E N D
R e tu r n P ip e T y g o n T u b in g
C o n n e c tio n s

AEI405.25 to 26 19
Venturi Meter
AEI405.25 to 26 20
 Disadvantages

• The venture tube has high cost

• It is large in size

AEI405.25 to 26 21
 Applications

• It can measure flow velocity all shapes

(circular, square, rectangular) pipes

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 Summary

We have discussed about

• Venture tube

• Working principle of venture

• Its merits and demerits.

AEI405.25 to 26 23
 Quiz

1)Venturi tube consists of

b) Converging section
c) Diverging section
d) Throat
e) Above all

AEI405.25 to 26 24
 Quiz

2. The flow meter is suitable to measure flow

velocity of all shapes of the pipe line?

a) Orifice plate

b) Venture tube

c) Pitot Tube

d) Rota meter

AEI405.25 to 26 25
 Questions

• 1) Draw and explain about venturi meter.

AEI405.25 to 26 26