DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

ANDHRA PRADESH
Name : G. Kantha Rao
Designation : Lecturer in ECE
Branch : Applied Electronics & Instrumentation
Institute : Govt Polytechnic for Women , Srikakulam
Year/Semester : IV Semester
Subject : Process Instrumentation – II
Sub. Code : AEI-405
Topic : Flow Measurements
Duration : 50 Minutes
Sub. Topic : Ultrasonic Flow Meter
Teaching Aids : Ms-office-XP, Images
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 Objectives

After the end of this Session , We will be able to

learn…
 Construction details &

 Working principle of Ultrasonic Flowmeter.

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 Recap

 Anemometers.

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Ultrasonic Flowmeters works in two different

principles :
 Doppler Effect Ultrasonic Flowmeter

 Transit time/Time of flight Ultrasonic Flowmeter

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Doppler Effect Ultrasonic Flowmeter

Fig 38.1
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Fig 38.2
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 Principle of operation

 Ultrasonic Signals are passed through the fluid, the

particles suspended in the fluid shows a frequency shift

proportional to the velocity of the fluid

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Working Principle :
 It is used for reflected electronic sound to measure the

fluid velocity

 Measuring frequency shift between frequency source ,

receiver , fluid carrier , relative motion is measured

 Resulting frequency shift is called doppler effect

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Circuit diagram

Fig 38.3

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 Expression

Fluid Velocity expressed as :

V = C( fr – ft) / 2ft cosØ

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 Expression
Where :
 fr = received frequency

 ft = transmission frequency
 v = fluid flow velocity
 Ø = relative angle between the transmitted ultrasonic
beam and the fluid flow
 c = velocity of sound in the fluid
 This method requires there is some reflecting particles in
the fluid
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 Advantages

 Obstruct less flow

 Can be installed outside the pipes

 The pressure drop is equal to the equivalent length of a

straight pipe

 Low flow cutoff

 Relative low power consumption

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 Limitations

 Doppler flow meters performance highly dependent on

physical properties of fluid Such as :

 Sonic conductivity

 Particle density

 Flow profile

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 Summary

In this Session , We have learnt …

 Doppler Effect Ultrasonic Flowmeter

 Construction details

 Principle of operation

 Advantages and Limitations

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 Quiz

1 Ultrasonic Flowmeters are used to measure Fluid’s…?

a) Velocity

b) Acceleration

c) Speed

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1. Doppler meters are mostly used for…?

a) Gases

b) Solids

c) Liquids

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1. Transceiver means … ?

a) Transmitter

b) Transmitter and Receiver

c) Receiver

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 Frequently asked Questions

1. What is Doppler Effect ? Mention types of Ultrasonic

Flowmeter?

2. 2. Explain the principle of operation of Doppler Effect

Ultrasonic Flowmeter ?

3. List the advantages and disadvantages of ultrasonic

flowmeter

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THANK YOU

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