DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

ANDHRA PRADESH
• Name :V.SRINIVASA RAO
• Designation : Lecturer
• Branch : A.E.I.E.
• Institute : Govt. Polytechnic for women,
Srikakulam
• Semester : VI
• Subject : Industrial Electronics, PLC and SCADA
• Subject code : AEI-602
• Topic : Industrial Heating and Welding
• Duration : 100 min
• Sub topic : Principle of Di-Electric Heating,
Di-Electrics
• Teaching aids : ppt, photographs, diagrams.
AEI602.23to24 1
 OBJECTIVES
After completion of this lesson the student will be
able to know
• Principle of Di-electric Heating,

• Di-Electrics

AEI602.23to24 2
 Principle of Di-electric Heating

• When an insulating material is subjected to an

alternating electric field

• The atoms get stressed and because of the

inner-atomic friction, heat is produced.

• This loss is called Di-electric loss

AEI602.23to24 3
 Principle of Di-electric Heating…
• Di-electric loss takes place due to inter-atomic
friction

• Inter-atomic friction happens because of

repeated deformation and rotation of the atomic
structure of the Di-electric.

• Self orientation of electric dipoles based on the

direction of applied electric field (flux) is called
Polarisation.

AEI602.23to24 4
 Concept of Polarization in Atoms
When an atom is under the influence of electric
field, there exists some displacement between
the centre of nucleus and centre of electron
orbits.

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Alignment of electric dipoles in Di-electric
material due to Electric field

AEI602.23to24 6
• Dipole moment acts in a direction fro negative
charge to positive charge.

• In dielectric heating, it not desirable to use high

voltages but it requires high frequency.

AEI602.23to24 7
 Di-electric Heating

• If non-magnetic materials are given high A.C

voltage, Di-electric loss in the material will be
converted in to Heat.

• A voltage of about 20KV at frequencies in the

range of 1 to 50Mz are usually employed.

AEI602.23to24 8
Apply some A.C voltage to an insulating material as
shown below

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Di-electric loss is given by

P = vin i cos φ

= vin iR
 iR 
= vin iC tan δ  = tan δ 
 iC 
= vin .vinω C tan δ

= vin ω C tan δ
2

AEI602.23to24 10
Dielectric loss is proportional to

• The Applied Frequency

• Square of the applied voltage
• The capacity of the charge (Load)

The capacity of the charge depends on

• The geometry of electrodes and load

• The di-electric constant of the charge.

AEI602.23to24 11
 Di-electrics used in Di-electric Heating

Based on the type of application of the Dielectric heating,

appropriate Di-electric material shall be used.
Some of Di-electric material used in the frequency range of 3
to 30MHz are
• Plate Glass (εr ranges from 5.5 to 9)
• Porcelain (εr = 5.5)
• Fire wood (εr = 3.7)
• Hard Rubber (εr ranges from 2.8 to 3.2)
• Rayon (εr = 2.1)
 SUMMARY

We have discussed about

• Principle of Di-electric Heating,

• Di-Electrics

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 QUIZ

3. The heat produced in the Di-electric heating

depends on
a) Frequency
b) Applied Voltage
c) The capacity of charge
d) All the above three

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 QUIZ

3. Di-electric heat is proportional to

a) Voltage

b) Square of the voltage

c) Square of the frequency

d) Product of Voltage and Frequency

AEI602.23to24 15
 Frequently Asked Questions

1. Explain the principle of Di-electric Heating.

2. List the Di-Electric materials used in Di-Electric

Heating

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