DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

ANDHRA PRADESH

• Name : K.Sambaiah
• Designation : H.A.E.I.E.S
• Branch : A.E.I.E
• Institute : GMRP, KARIMNAGAR
• semester : VI
• Subject : Industrial Electronics, PLCs
and SCADA
• Subject code : AEI-602
• Topic : PLC Programming
• Duration : 100 minutes
• Sub topic : PLC-Introduction
• Teaching aids : ppts, Diagrams
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 Objectives

On Completion of this topic you will be able to

know…

• What Program Logic Controller (PLC) do

• Why PLCs are invaluable to industrial facilities

• What makes up a PLC

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 Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)

• A Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) is a solid-state

system designed to perform the logic functions for
control and operation of manufacturing process
equipment and machinery.

AEI602.41 to 42 3
 What PLCs do
• A programmable logic controller is an industrial
computer that controls a machine or process.

• A PLC interfaces with the field input and output devices

that are part of a control application.

• Through the control program stored in its memory, the

PLC uses the data supplied by the input devices to
manipulate or control the output devices.

AEI602.41 to 42 4
 What PLCs do…

• The overall PLC process, which is shown in figure.1 is

very simple.

• A PLC measures or senses signals coming from a

machine or process.

• Through its internal program, the PLC provides control

back to the machine or process.

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 Why PLCs are invaluable to industrial
facilities

• Programmable logic controllers provide many benefits

over traditional electromechanical control systems.

• One of the best benefits is that PLCs make it easier and

less costly to change a control system.

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 Why PLCs are invaluable to industrial
facilities…

• PLC eliminate the need to rewire the input and output

devices if the control requirements change.

• If the control requirements for a PLC application change,

all you need to do is change the control program.

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 Why PLCs are invaluable to industrial
facilities…

• Another benefit of PLCs is that they are more powerful

and more accurate than electromechanical systems

AEI602.41 to 42 8
 PLCs
• There are different kinds of PLCs depending upon
processor used, number of inputs and out- puts.

• For example:
– A general-purpose PLC device is designed using a
68k processor with its accessories for fast and reliable
operation.

– This PLC provides 16 input simulations. With LED

specifications output simulators with LED display,
timer, counter and logical functions.

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PLC System
PM
Programmer
/ Monitor

CPU

Input Microprocessor Output

Module
Memory Module

Power
Supply

Rack and chassis

Fig.1
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An example of Real PLC system

Fig.2
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Typical configurations of PLC

Fig.3
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 PLC Components

• A PLC is made up of three basic components

1) The Input/Output (I/O) system

2) The Central Processing Unit (CPU)

3) Power Supply

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 Advantages

• Used to increase efficiency, reliability, productivity ,

automation in industry.

• PLCs has the ability to acquire quality .

• i.e., data at extremely high speeds, make decisions and

then discriminate relative information back to control
process.

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 Advantages…

• PLC ‘s developed after 1960;S in area of data collection,

online monitoring and open loop advisory control

• Production methods, process equipment, and machinery

are continually being up dated or replaced by more
complex instrument and more sophisticated technology

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 Applications

• PLC’S are not designed to replace computer .

• Used only for medium sized control system .

• Used hand calculation

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 Applications…

• PLC’s are used in sequencing, timing, counting function of

μp’s, direct control interface, Data Acquisition System
(DAS).

• PLC’s used in distributed control system with master

control from another PLC or computer

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 Summary

We have discussed

• Introduction to PLCs

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 QUIZ

1. Basic components of PLC are

a) Power supply

b) CPU

c) I/O unit

d) All
Ans: d

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 QUIZ
2. The main application of PLC is

a) Commercial

b) Industrial

c) Domestic

d) None Ans: b

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 Frequently Asked Questions

1.Give the PLC block diagram

2.List the advantages of PLCs

3. Give the importance of PLCs in Industrial applications

4. List the applications of PLCs

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