DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

ANDHRA PRADESH
Name : K.Ravinder
Designation : H.E.I.E.S
Branch : AEIE.
Institute : GPT, Bellampally.
Year/semester : III Semester
Subject : Process Instrumentation-I
Subject code : AEI-305.
Topic : Temperature measurement
Duration : 50 min.
Sub topic : Resistance temperature Detector-2
Teaching aids : Diagrams

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 Objectives

On Completion of this topic you will be able to

know…

Resistance Temperature Detector (R.T.D)

• RTD Circuits
• Leads Compensation
• Advantages & Disadvantage

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 RTD Circuits

• Conventional arm four-arm Whetstone's Bridge circuit are

widely employed for temperature measurement
• The bridge consist of sensing RTD (X), Standard
Resistors(A,B&C),LR1&LR2are the lead wire Resistance.

• Bridge balancing condition the ratio of resistance

is given by:

A/B = (X+LR1+LR2)/C

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Wheat stone bridge circuit

Fig 1

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 Operation of RTD

• Temperature changes The Resistance of RTD will

Changes

• The Wheat-Stone Bridge becomes un balanced

• The Galvanometer gives Deflection

• The Galvanometer Deflection Calibrated in terms of

Temperature

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 Leads compensation circuit

• This The leads resistance of connecting cable

introducing error of reading

• error can be compensated by the use of extra conductor

• Leads compensation circuit

• 3-wire lead circuit

• 4-Wire lead circuit

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3- wire lead compensation circuit

Fig 2

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 3-Wire compensated circuit

• Figure shows 3 -wire compensation

• The resistance of wire 1 is added to that of the

resistance thermometer but is balanced by wire two in

the reference side of the bridge

• Wire three supplies the power the bridges

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4-wire lead compensation circuit

Fig 3

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 4-wire compensation

• The resistance of wire’s 1&2 which connect to the

resistance thermometer

• These are compensated by the resistance of wire’s 3&4

• Which are connected together at the resistance

thermometer

• Are again in the opposite arm of bridge

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 Advantages of R.T.D
• The posses high accuracy of measurement .

• They have a wide temperature range from -200° to

650°c
• They are small in size .

• They are fast in response .

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• They have good reproducibility.

• They have shown stable and accurate performance over

many years .

• Temperature compensation is not required .

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 Disadvantages of R.T.D.

• Their cost is high.

• They need a bridge circuit ,power supply.

• They show inaccuracy resulting from the current flowing

threw bridge circuit and their by heating the resistance
element .
• They produce mechanical abuse of vibration.

• They have larger bulb size than thermocouples.

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 Summary

We have discussed about

• RTD Circuits
• Leads Compensation
• Advantages & Disadvantage

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 Quiz

1. Which of the Bridge is used for temperature

measurement.

a) Wheatstone Bridge

b) Hay’s Bridge

c) Wein Bridge

d) Maxwell Bridge

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2) Resistance Temperature detector of type PT-100

having resistance at 0°c is

a) 100Ω

b) 1000Ω

c) 0Ω

d) 10Ω

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 Frequently asked questions

1. Explain the Temperature measurement Using

Resistance Temperature Detector

2. What is leads compensation ? Explain 3- wire leads

compensation method ?

3. List the Advantages and Dis-advantages of Resistance

Temperature Detector.

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