Professional Documents
Culture Documents
The Extremes of
Globalization,
One Size Does Not Fit All
1
The Extremes of Globalization,
One Size Does Not Fit All
… AND POVERTY IS STILL WIDESPREAD …
EAST ASIA
LATIN AMERICA
SOUTH ASIA
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
0 10 20 30 40 50
MERCHANDISE EXPORTS
2000 Page 2
1980
The Extremes of Globalization
One Size Does Not Fit All
… WHILE FOREIGN INVESTMENT HAS EXPANDED …
EAST ASIA
LATIN AMERICA
SOUTH ASIA
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
0 15 30 45 60
LATIN AMERICA
SOUTH ASIA
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
LATIN AMERICA
SOUTH ASIA
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
Demographic
– Aging population
– Rising affluence
– Changes in ethnic composition
– Geographic distribution of population
– Greater disparities in income levels
Page 6
General Environment:
Key Trends and Events
Sociocultural
– More women in the workforce
– Increase in temporary workers / migration
– Greater concern for fitness
– Greater concern for environment
– Delays in family formation
Page 7
General Environment:
Key Trends and Events
Political/Legal
- Tort reform – rule of law
- Disabilities Acts
- Deregulation of utility and other industries
- Increases in state-mandated minimum
wages
- Taxation at local, state levels
- More grass roots representation
- Election as legitimate way to rule Page 8
General Environment:
Key Trends and Events
Technological
– Genetic engineering
– Emergence of Internet technology
– Computer Aided Design/Computer-Aided
Manufacturing Systems
– Research in man-made and exotic materials
– Pollution/Global warming
– Miniaturization of computing technologies
– Wireless communications Page 9
General Environment:
Key Trends and Events
Economic
– Interest rates
– Unemployment
– Consumer Price Index
– Trends in GDP
– Changes in stock market valuations
Page 10
General Environment:
Key Trends and Events
Global
– Currency Exchange Rates
– Emergence of the Indian and Chinese
Economies
– Trade Agreements among regional blocs,
bilateral (e.g. NAFTA, EU, ASEAN)
– WTO Agreement (leading to elimination of
tariffs)
Page 11
Emerging Socio-Cultural Issues
in Asia-Pacific
The World Today : Trends
• Globalization
• Ethical Issues
• Workforce Diversity
• Entrepreneurship
• E-Business
• Quality Management
• Workspace Spirituality Page 12
Emerging Socio-Cultural Issues
in Asia-Pacific
Today’s World
World is run by companies, not countries
All factors of production (including labour) are mobile
Borderless world
Value chain activities positioned where they are
optimized (cheapest and best)
Transportation cost / time decreased
Page 13
Emerging Socio-Cultural Issues
in Asia-Pacific
Today’s World
Opening of economies
Acceptance of free market economics
Deregulation, privatization
Trade theories
Focus on benefits of trade
Integration / interdependence of world economy
Page 14
Emerging Socio-Cultural Issues
in Asia-Pacific
Communications Revolution
Internet
Satellite
Cellular telephones
Laptop computers
Video conferencing
Distance learning
24 hour world-wide news networks Page 15
Emerging Socio-Cultural Issues
in Asia-Pacific
Advantages of Globalization
Free trade
Open capital markets
International migration
Optimal allocation of the world’s resources
Closer understanding between peoples
Exchange of information
Page 16
Emerging Socio-Cultural Issues
in Asia-Pacific
Problems of Globalization
Decisions made in other countries impact lives
Workers threatened as companies shift
production to low-wage economies
National cultures and identities under threat
Page 17
Emerging Socio-Cultural Issues
in Asia-Pacific
Page 19
Emerging Socio-Cultural Issues
in Asia-Pacific
Page 20
Emerging Socio-Cultural Issues
in Asia-Pacific
Tolerance : CAVEAT
True tolerance comes from understanding
Tolerance never comes from ignorance
Unfortunately the notion of belonging to one
country, one religion, one team leads to the
preference for that country, religion and team
and then to the idea that all others are inferior
Page 21
Emerging Socio-Cultural Issues
in Asia-Pacific
Global Understanding
When you understand, you stop being afraid.
When you stop being afraid, you stop worrying
about protecting yourself.
When you are out to protect yourself, you
perceive all actions, words, ideas and strangers
as potential threats.
Page 22
Emerging Socio-Cultural Issues
in Asia-Pacific
Today’s World
Importance of Information
Economies of networking
Accuracy and updating of information
More difficult to sustain competitive advantages
Quality Management
Continual improvement and responding to
customer needs and expectations
Customer – Anyone who interacts with the
organization’s product or service
Common belief : Cost Productivity
But : Quality Cost (due to reject and
repair of product)
Page 24
Emerging Socio-Cultural Issues
in Asia-Pacific
Workspace Spirituality
Employees want meaningful work which can
contribute to the society
Strong Sense of Purpose – instead of just
earning money
Individual Development – not just work, but
also grow and learn
Toleration of Employee Expression – allow
employees to express their feeling and mood
without fear of being fired Page 25
Emerging Socio-Cultural Issues
in Asia-Pacific
Page 26
Emerging Socio-Cultural Issues
in Asia-Pacific
Page 27
Emerging Socio-Cultural Issues
in Asia-Pacific
Page 28
Emerging Socio-Cultural Issues
in Asia-Pacific
Page 29
Emerging Socio-Cultural Issues
in Asia-Pacific
Page 31
Emerging Socio-Cultural Issues
in Asia-Pacific
Page 32
Emerging Socio-Cultural Issues
in Asia-Pacific
Wealth distribution
Will someone get left behind ?? Consequences ?
Page 33
Emerging Socio-Cultural Issues
in Asia-Pacific
Page 34
Emerging Socio-Cultural Issues
in Asia-Pacific
Arab countries
Wealth extracting exports …
Consequences …
Iraq experiment; where will it lead ?
•Terrorism Page 35
Emerging Socio-Cultural Issues
in Asia-Pacific
Page 36
Emerging Socio-Cultural Issues
in Asia-Pacific
Page 37
Emerging Socio-Cultural Issues
in Asia-Pacific
Page 38