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INTRODUCTION

Lumbar canal stenosis is a type of spinal stenosis where there is abnormal narrowing of the spinal canal or intervertebral foramen. The spinal canal narrowing is known as central stenosis and the intervertebral foraminal stenosis is known as foraminal stenosis.

In Lumbar canal stenosis the transverse diameter of spinal canal remains normal where as the anterior posterior diameter is reduced due to thickening of ligament and articular process. Most common cause of lumbar canal stenosis is degenerative arthritis. Here the patient complaints of pain, weakness, numbness and decreased sensation in the leg. The syndrome are agrevated by walking and decreased by resting and backward bending.

MATERIALS

AND METHODS:

The study is done by measuring the diameter of osteological specimen (23 sets of male lumbar vertebrae and 11 sets of female vertebrae). 10 cadavers (7 male and 3 female) and through MRI findings.

Bone collected from osteology laboratory and 1st year MBBS students and dissection done in dissection hall of Gauhati Medical College. The complete medical history was not obtained but it was ensured as far as possible that materials from persons who died of chronic skeletal disorder or related causes were not included. Care taken to excludes specimen showing osteophyte and other evidence of bone disease.

The diameter was measured by using sliding vernier caliper with no error and recorded nearest 10th of a millimeter. Anterior posterior diameter of spinal canal was measured at midsaggital plane at upper border. Anterior posterior diameter of intervertebrale foramen is measured at posterior surface of lower part of vertebral body and at the deep surface of lamina. Vertical diameter of inter vertebral foramen is measured by from root of the transvers process of the vertebrae above to the root of the transverse process of the vertebrae below in cadever:

MID SAGITAL DIAMETER MALE


Vertebrae L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 Mean Diameter 15.82 15.13 14.60 14.81 15.23

Mean Diameter
16 15.5 15 14.5 14 15.82 15.13 15.23 14.81 14.6 L3 L4 L5 Mean Diameter

13.5
L1 L2

MID SAGITAL DIAMETER FEMALE


Mean Diameter
15.5

Vertebrae L1 L2

Mean Diameter 15.12 14.33

15

14.5

L3
L4 L5

13.61
13.82

14 15.12

Mean Diameter

13.5

13.83
13

14.33 13.61 13.82

13.83

12.5 L1 L2 L3 L4 L5

ANTERIOR POSTERIOR DIAMETER Of INTER VERTEBRAL FORAMEN MALE


Vertebrae L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 Mean Diameter 9.81 9.72 9.68 10.12 10.3
10.3 10.2 10.1 10 9.9 9.8 9.7 10.12 9.81 10.3 Mean Diameter

Mean Diameter

9.6
9.5 9.4 9.3

9.72

9.68

L1

L2

L3

L4

L5

ANTERIOR POSTERIOR DIAMETER Of INTER VERTEBRAL FORAMEN FEMALE


Vertebrae Mean

Mean Diameter
9.8 9.6 9.4 9.2 9 8.8 9.32 9.24 9.18 9.61 9.78 Mean Diameter

Diameter
L1 L2 L3 9.32 9.24 9.18

L4 L5

9.61 9.78

L1

L2

L3

L4

L5

VERTICAL DIAMETER of INTER VERTEBRAL FORAMEN MALE


Vertebrae L1-L2 L2-L3 L3-L4 Mean Diameter 11.82 12.13 11.71

Mean Diameter
12.5 12 11.5 11 10.5 10 12.13 11.82 11.7111.66 10.92 Mean Diameter

L4-L5
L5-S1

11.66
10.92

VERTICAL DIAMETER of INTER VERTEBRALFORAMEN FEMALE


Vertebrae L1-L2 L2-L3 L3-L4 L4-L5 L5-S1 Mean Diameter 11.74 11.81 11.68 11.61 10.78

Mean Diameter
12 11.8 11.6 11.4 11.2 11.74 11.81 11.68 11.61

11
10.8 10.6 10.4 10.2 L1-L2 L2-L3 L3-L4 L4-L5 L5-S1 10.78

Mean Diameter

Study of 100 cases of low back ach were studied by their MRI findings out of which 6 cases were diagnosed as lumbar canal stenosis In respect to age: All cases above 60 years. In respect to Sex: 5 male, 1 female.
Male 5 Female 1
5 4.5 4 3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 Male Female 1 5

Series1

In respect to Work Specificity: All were sedentry worker. In respect to Associated Complications: 1 cases is associated with cervical stenosis. Discussion: In our study the incidence of lumbar canal stenosis with low back ach patient in lower assam population is 6%. While in all India the percentage is 13%. In USA it is 12% in older community dwelling man and 21% in retirement community. Here it mainly effect people over 60 years age. In male it is more common.1 case is found to be associated with cervical stenosis. Limitation of the study: The study is done through MRI findings. MRI is a costly procedure and it is not feasible for every one to go through the procedure. So the actual incidence rate may very.

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