GENETICS

JAN 2012 EXPERIMENT 1

INFORMATION
CHITRA

NAIDU Email id : cnaidu@clarku.edu OFFICE HOURS : By appointment Student Office : Lasry 340 Lab : Lasry 325 (Dr Thackerays Lab)

 ATTENDANCE

GRADING

grade

: Counts for 20% of your final

LAB OVERVIEW
Dates: Week Topic 1: Mendel & Genes 2: Genome annotation 3: Mapping unknowns to a chromosome 12 x x x Page 3 11 x x x (x) (x) Jan 31 1 Feb 7 2 Feb 14 3 Feb 21 4 Feb 28 5 Mar 6 Mar 13 6 Mar 20 7 Mar 27 8 Apr 3 9 Apr 10 10 Apr 17 11 Apr 23 12

4: Genetic testing of

18

your own DNA

5: Recombination mapping 6: Phylogenetics of bears 29 x 23 x x x x x

EXPERIMENT 1
MENDEL AND GENES

AIM
THE GENE (USING BIOINFORMATIC TOOLS) OF INHERITANCE (PEDIGREE ANALYSIS) CROSSES (PUNNETTS SQUARE)
PREDICTING MODE IDENTIFYING

KEY CONCEPTS
DNA 5 EXON Start Codon ATG INTRON 3 Stop Codon TAG/TGA/TAA

TRANSCRIPTION

mRNA 5 AUG ORF 3 SPLICING

5 AUG mRNA
protein M

3 TRANSLATION

Phase 0 introns break between codons: Gly Thr GGT|GTRAGT---------(intron)----------AG|ACT Phase 1 introns: Gly Thr GGTA|GTRAGT---------(intron)----------AG|CT Phase 2 introns: Gly Thr GGTAC|GTRAGT---------(intron)----------AG|T

the Unknown DNA sequence into the BLAST software BLAST : Basic Local Alignment Search Tool It compares the given unknown sequence to ALL the genes and nucleotide sequences in its database and gives you the gene it is most closely related to.

Enter

BLASTx search..

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 ATCGTACGTCGTCGTATCGTAGCAGCGGCGTACGTAGCTAGCGGCGCGCGCGCGCGCGCGCGCGATACGATATATATTTATATATAAAAAAATATTTTTT TAGCATGCAGCAGCATAGCATCGTCGCCGCATGCATCGATCGCCGCGCGCGCGCGCGCGCGCGCTATGCTATATATAAATATATATTTTTTTATAAAAAA I V R R R I V A A A Y V A S G A R A R A R D T I Y I Y I * K N I F> S Y V V V S * Q R R T * L A A R A R A R A I R Y I F I Y K K I F F> R T S S Y R S S G V R S * R R A R A R A R Y D I Y L Y I K K Y F F> <D Y T T T D Y C R R V Y S A A R A R A R A I R Y I N I Y L F I N K <T R R R I T A A A Y T A L P A R A R A R S V I Y I * I Y F F I K E <R V D D Y R L L P T R L * R R A R A R A R Y S I Y K Y I F F Y K K

Stop

OPEN READING FRAME

GENETICS SYMBOLS
Dominant/Wild

Type = + Mutant phenotype : lowercase letter Chromosome : Diploid : For genes on different chromosomes, draw separate lines

Genetic Notation
Female Wild-Type Flobes
(Pink; Sphericle)

Male

+ + + ; +
Chromosome 2
(Autosomal)

+ ; +

Chromosome 1
(Sex-Linked)

Two different genes on separate chromosomes

Key + = wildtype g = Green C = Cuboid

Genetic Notation
Female Wild-Type Flobes
(Pink; Sphericle)

Male

+ + + ; +
Female

+ + + ;
Male

Genes on separate Chromosomes

Wild-Type Flobes
(Pink; Sphericle)

+ +

+ +

+ +

+ +

Genes on the same Chromosome

Key + = wildtype g = Green C = Cuboid

To Be Continued In Week 7

Genetic Notation
Female Wild-Type Flobes
(Pink; Sphericle)

Male

g c + ; +

c ; +

Genes on separate Chromosomes

g ; c g ; + + ; c + ; +
Key + = wildtype g = Green C = Cuboid

g ; c ; c

g ; + ; +

Genetic Notation
Homozygous Male Female Autosomal Mutation Heterozygous Male Female

+ c + ; c
Female

+
g

c ; c
Male

c + + ; +
Female

+ + c ;
Male

Sex-Linked Mutation
Key + = wildtype g = Green C = Cuboid

g + g ; +

+ ; +

+ g + ; +

+ g + ;

PEDIGREE NOTATION

NEXT WEEK
MORE

GENOME ANNOTATION.. Due to shortage of laptops, you are requested to please bring your own if possible

PROBLEMS

Karen and Steve each have a sibling with sickle-cell disease. Neither Karen, Steve, nor any of their parents has the disease, and none of them has been tested to reveal sickle-cell trait. Based on this incomplete information, calculate the probability that if this couple should have another child, the child will have sickle-cell anemia. In summer squash, white fruit color is dominant over yellow fruit color and disk-shaped fruit is dominant over sphere-shaped fruit.. If a squash plant true-breeding for white, disk-shaped fruit is crossed with a plant truebreeding for yellow, sphere-shaped fruit, what will the phenotypic and genotypic ratios be for: a. the F1 generation? b. the F2 generation?

EXTRA PROBLEMS FOR DIHYBRID CROSSES/PEDIGREE ANALYSIS : http://www.biology.arizona.edu/mendelian_genetics/problem_sets/dihy brid_cross/dihybrid_cross.html

http://highered.mcgrawhill.com/sites/0072919329/student_view0/lab_exercises.html