BY CHAITHRA .N.

KOWSHIK

John Loudon McAdam Term Mcadam in the present day means, the pavement base course made of crushed or broken aggregate mechanically interlocked by rolling and the voids filled with screening and binding material with the assistance of water. Base, subbase. The thickness of WBM ranges from 10cm to 7.5cm. Design details.
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When used as a surfacing course,Deterioted rapidly under adverse traffic conditions of traffic and weather. It is desirable to provide a bituminous surfacing course over WBM layer in order to prolong life.

Types of course aggregates Hard varieties of crushed aggregate or broken stone. Soft aggregates like over burnt bricks metal or naturally occurring soft aggregates like kankar may be used. Weaker varieties of aggregates gets crushed during rolling. Hence no need of filler materials.

Property

Sub-base

Base course

Surfacing course

i) Los angels abrasion value max value in % ii) Aggregate impact max value in %

60

50

40

50

40

30

iii) Flakiness index max value in %

15

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Hard,durable and of acceptable shape Free from flaky and elongated particles. IRC specifies the following physical requirements of course aggregates for WBM construction.

Grading no

Size range, mm

Sieve size, mm

% passing the sieve, by weight

90 to 40

100 80 63 40 20 80 63 50 40 20 63 50 40 20 10

100 65-85 25-60 0-15 0-5 100 90-100 30-70 0-15 0-5 100 95-100 35-70 0-10 0-5
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63 to 40

50 to 20

Classification of grading
A

Size of screenings in mm
12.5

Sieve size, mm

% passing the sieve, by weight

100 90-100 10-30 0-8 100 85-100 10-30

12.5 10.0 4.75 0.15 10.0 4.75 0.15

10.0

Fine grained material Kankar nodules or lime stone Plasticity index value 4 to 9% WBM layers used as base course or sub base course, with bituminous surfacing.

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Apprroximate loose quantities of materials in m3 for 10 cm compacted thickness of WBM sub base using course aggregate of grading no 1 per 10m2 area are a) Course aggregate size 90 to 40 mm = 1.21 to 1.43 b) stone screening type A, 12.5 mm size= 0.40 to 0.44 Or Crushable type screenings(moorum/gravel)=0.44 to 0.47 c) Binding material for sub-base course = 0.88 to 0.10

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Preparation of foundation for receiving the WBM course.

The foundation which is receiving either the sub grade or sub base course. Foundation layer is prepared to the required grade and camber and the dust either loose materials are cleaned. On existing road surfaces deprssions and pot holes are filled and the corrugations are removed. If the existing roads is bituminous surface means 50mm depth and 50 mm cut at 1.0 m interval and at 45 degrees to the centre of line of the carriage way before laying the course aggregate.
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Lateral confinement is to be provided before stating WBM construction. Construction shoulders in advance

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uniform spreading 10 cm compacted thickness

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 By

using three wheeled power roller 6 to 10 tones or alternatively by an equivalent vibratory roller. Rolling started from the edges, the roller being run forward and backward until the edges are compacted. Then the run of the roller is shifted towards the centre of the line roads.

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 Used

to fill up the voids in the compacted layer of the course aggregates.

Sprinkling and grouting After screening the water is sprinkled over the surface, swept into the voids using hand brooms.

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 Binding

material is applied at a applied at a uniform and slow rate at two or more successive thin layers. After each application of binding material surface is sprinkled with water and wet slurry swept with broom to fill the voids.

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After final compaction, the WBM course is allowed to set over night. On the next day spots were filled with screenings or with the binding material, lightly sprinkled with water and rolled if necessary In case of WBM base course, the layer is allowed to dry completely without permitting traffic.

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Surface evenness of longitudinal direction is checked by 3.0m straight edge and the number of undulations exceeding 12mm of grading no 1. 10 mm in the case of grade 2 and 3. Maximum number of undulations permitted in each case is 30. The cross profile is checked using camber template and the max variation from special profile should not exceed 12mm.

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