Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Personnel,
Manpower,
Human Resources
concerned with the procurement, development, compensation, integration and maintenance of the personnel of an organization for the purpose of contributing towards the accomplishment of that organizations major goals or objectives. Therefore, personnel management is the planning, organizing, directing, and controlling of the performance of those operatives functions.
Features of HRM
Comprehensive Function People-Oriented Action Oriented Individual Oriented Development Oriented Pervasive Function Continuous Function Interdisciplinary Nervous system. Young discipline Future-oriented Challenging Function Science as well an Art Staff function
Functions of HRM
I. Managerial Functions: a. Planning b. Organizing C. Directing d. Controlling. II. Operative Functions: a. Procurement b. Development c. Compensation d. Integration e. Maintenance
Objectives of HRP
To ensure optimum use of existing HR To forecast future requirements for HR To provide control measures To link HRP with Organisational Planning To determine levels of Recruitment and Training To estimate cost of Hr and Housing needs of Employees To provide a basis for MDP To facilitate productivity Bargaining To meet the needs of Expansion and Diversification programmes To assess shortage and surplus of Hr
HRP is useful in To carry on its work anticipating Cost of and to achieve its HR which facilitates objectives budgeting easier HRP facilitates HRP identifies gaps Career and There is need to succession replace employees planning HRP facilitates HRP helps in expansion and growth planning for physical facilities HRP helpful in like canteen staff effective utilization of quarters etc HR and Technology
Process of HRP
1. Analyzing Organizational Plans 2. Forecasting Demand for HR 3. Forecasting supply of HR 4. Estimating Manpower Gaps 5. Action Planning 6. Monitoring and Control
Assignments
1.What are the challenges of HR Executives in the present day business scenario?
2. State essential qualities of Successful HR Manager? 3. Draw an organizational chart of an MNC known to you and state whether HR function line or Staff function.
Further Readings
1. Human Resource Management Dr. C.B. Gupta Sultan Chand & Sons Pub. 2. Human Resource Management S.S. Khanka S. Chand Pub. Personnel Management & Industrial Relations P.C. Tripathi Himalaya Pub.
Job Analysis
Job analysis is a formal and detailed study of jobs It refers to a scientific and systematic analysis of a job in order to obtain all pertinent facts about the job It is essentially a process of collecting and analyzing all pertinent data relating to a job
Benefits of Job Analysis 6. Performance 1. Organizational Appraisal Design 2. Human Resource 7. Career Path planning Planning 8. Job Design 3. Recruitment and 9. Job Evaluation Selection 10 Labour Relation 4. Placement and 11. Employee Orientation Counselling 5. Training and 12. Health and Development Safety
Job Evaluation
According to BIM, Job evaluation is the process of analysis and assessment of jobs to ascertain reliably their relative worth using the assessment as the basis for a balanced wage structure Job evaluation begins with job analysis and ends up with the classification of jobs according to their worth. A job cannot be evaluated unless and until it is analyzed.
Recruitment
What is Recruitment? What is Procurement? The Difference Between Recruitment and Selection and Placement. Why Recruitment is more important for an organization?
How not to recruit employees in the organization? General Factors affecting Recruitment:
Recruitment Process
Steps in Recruitment Process:
1. Requisitions for recruitment from other department 2. Locating and Developing the sources of Required number and type of employees 3. Identifying the prospective employees with required characteristics 4. Communicating the information about the organization, the job and the terms of conditions of service. 5. Encourage the identified candidates to apply for jobs In the organization. 6. Evaluating the effectiveness of recruitment process.
What is Selection?
Selection is the process of choosing the most suitable persons out of all the applicants. Selection is a process of matching the qualifications of applicants with the job requirements. It is the process of weeding out unsuitable candidates and finally identify the most suitable candidate. The purpose of Selection is to pick up the right person for every job. Selection is negative process as it rejects a large number of unsuitable applicants from the pool.
Methods of Selection
(a) Tests: 1. Aptitude Tests: Mental or Intelligence test Mechanical test Psycho-motor test 2. Achievement Tests: - Job Knowledge test - Work sample test
3. Personality Tests: Objective test Projective test Situation test 4. Interest Tests:
Continued
Selection Process
1. Preliminary Interview 2. Application Blank 3. Selection Test 4. Employment Interview 5.Medical Examination 6.Reference Checks 7. Final Approval
Induction/Orientation Definition: Orientation or induction is the process of receiving and welcoming an employee when he first joins a company and giving in the basic information he needs to settle down quickly and happily and start work.
Objectives and Advantages Induction programme. of an
Objectives: 1. To help the new come to overcome his shyness To build new employees confidence To develop the new entrants a sense of belonging and loyalty To foster a close and cordial relationship To prevent false impression and negative attitude of the new employees To give the new comers necessary information like canteen, locker room. Rest periods and leave rules etc
Contents of an Induction programme: Brief history and operations of the company. Products and services of the company. The companys organization structure. Location of departments and employee facilities. Policies and procedures of the company. Rules, regulations and daily work routines. Grievance procedures. Safety measures Standing orders and disciplinary procedures Terms and conditions of service including wages, working hours, over time, holidays etc. Suggestion schemes Benefits and services for employees. Opportunities for training and promotions transfers etc.
Importance of Training
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Higher productivity Better quality of work Less learning period Cost Reduction Reduced supervision Low accident rate High morale Personal Growth Organizational Climate
Assignments
1. State essential qualities of Successful
Recruitment Advertisement. And also state how will you spell out Job specification and job description briefly in the AD itself. 2. How will you carry out training need analysis for a medium sized organization? 3. If you are HR Executive of an MNC, How will you retain employees in your organization?
Further Readings
1. Human Resource Management Dr. C.B. Gupta Sultan Chand & Sons Pub 2. Human Resource Management S.S. Khanka S. Chand Pub 3.Personnel Management & Industrial Relations P.C. Tripathi Himalaya Pub 4. Personnel Management C.B Mamoria Vikas Pub.
PROMOTION
Promotion refers to advancement of an employee to a higher post carrying greater responsibilities, higher status and better salary. It is the upward movement of an employee in the organization's hierarchy, to another job commanding greater authority, higher status and better working standards.
Transfer
A transfer refers to a horizontal or lateral movement of an employee from one job to another in the same organization without any significant changes status and pay. It has been defined as lateral shift causing movement of individuals from one position to another usually without involving any marked change in duties, responsibilities, skills needed or compensation
Types of Transfers
1. Production Transfer 2. Replacement Transfer 3. Versatility Transfer 4. Remedial Transfer 5. Shift Transfer
Demotion
Demotion implies the assignment of an employee to a job of lower rank with lower pay. It refers to downward movement pf an employee in the organizational hierarchy with lower status and lower salary. It is downgrading process and a serious type of Punishment, hence it should be used tactfully and only when it is absolutely necessary.
Need for Demotion: Why and When 1. Adverse Business Conditions 2. Incompetence 3. Technological Change 4. Disciplinary Measure.
Seperations
Separation of an employee takes place when his service agreement with the organisation come to an end and the employee the organisation. It may occur due to resignation, death, dismissal and layoff. Following are various forms of separations. Resignation Retirement Layoff Retrenchment Dismissal
Assignments
1.What are the Precautions a manager should have while go for Demotion of an employee?
2. Determining Wage structure is a cumbersome process and it requires lot more knowledge and thinking- discuss 3. If you are an owner of the production unit of a retail product which method would you adopt for payment of wages?
Further Readings
1. Human Resource Management Saiyadin - TMH Pub. 2. Human Resource Management Dr. C.B. Gupta Sultan Chand and sons Pub. Personnel Management & Industrial Relations P.C. Tripathi Himalaya Pub.
Industrial Relations Industrial Relations are exercises in organizational relations between functional interest groups. According to ILO, IR comprise relationships between the State on the one hand and the employers and organizations on the other and the occupational organizations themselves. It means Collective relationship between management, employees and government in any industrial or non-industrial organization
Multiplier Effects Fall in normal Tempo Resistance to Change Frustration and Social cost
Political Causes
Broadly speaking Grievance means any real or imaginary feeling of dissatisfaction and injustice which an employee has about his employment relationship. According to Michael J Jucious, a grievance is any discontent or dissatisfaction, whether expressed or not, whether valid or not, arising out of anything connected with the company that an employee thinks, believes or even feels, is unfair,unjust or inequitable
Causes of Grievances
1. Grievances arising out of Working Conditions 2. Grievances arising from Management policy 3. Grievances arising from Alleged violation of certain statutes 4. Grievances arising out of Personal Maladjustment
Follow only standard procedure ( a voluntary Grievance procedure) in pursuance to the Code of Discipline adopted in the 16th session Indian Labour Conference in 1958. It contains Five successive time bound steps each leading to the next in case the aggrieved employee prefers an appeal.
Assignments
How Political parties influence industrial relations Sean in India? How will you alleviate political influence in the Industry?
2. Rust is the worst foe of Iron similarly Frustration is the worst opponent of human being. Do you agree. Highlight the evil effects of Grievances on ordinary Industrial worker. 3. Draw a suitable grievance redress procedure for a medium sized manufacturing organisation.
Further Readings
1. Human Resource Management Dr. C.B. Gupta Sultan Chand & Sons Pub. 2. Industrial Relations by Arun Monappa TMH- pub. 3. Personnel Management & Industrial Relations P.C. Tripathi Himalaya Pub.
1. Establishing Performance Standards 2. Communicating the Standards 3. Measuring Performance 4. Comparing the actual standards with the Standards 5. Discussing the Appraisal 6. Taking Corrective Actions
Modern Methods: 1. Assessment Centre 2. Human Resource Accounting 3. Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scales 4. Appraisal through MBO.
Workers Participation in Management According Keith Davis Participation refers to the mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages him to contribute to group goals and share in the responsibility of achieving them It is a process by which authority and responsibility of managing industry are shared with workers In Yugoslavia it is called self-management In Germany it is known as Co-determination
In the words of Mehtras, the concept of participation as a principle of democratic administration in an industry implies a share by rank and file in the decision-making process of an industrial organization through their representatives at all the appropriate levels of management in the entire range of managerial action
Levels/Degrees of Participation
1. 2. 3. 4. Communication Consultation Codetermination Self-Management
Assignments
1. Why Workers Participation in management is a desperate failure in India? Suggest some measures for making participation successful.
2. Write an essay on 360 degree Performance appraisal system which prevails in the most successful Organizations. 3. Performance appraisals are mere paper tigers, if you wish to grab incentive please your boss Pass a Critical comment on it.
Further Readings
1. Human Resource Management Saiyadin - TMH Pub. 2. Human Resource Management Dr. C.B. Gupta Sultan Chand and sons Pub. Personnel Management & Industrial Relations P.C. Tripathi Himalaya Pub.