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ASSIGNEMENT PRESENTATION 01 BATCH NO: 03

A seven story office building has 15 adjacent offices per floor.Each office contains a wall socket for a terminal in the front wall, so the sockets form a rectangular grid in the vertical plane ,with a separation of 4m between sockets, both horizontally and vertically. Assuming that it is feasible to run a straight cable between any pair of sockets, horizontally, vertically, or diagonally, how many meters of cable are needed to connect all sockets using A star configuration with a single router in the middle? An 802.3 LAN? Suppose that an 11-Mbps 802.11b LAN is transmitting 64byte frames back-to-back over a radio channel with a bit error rate of 10-7. How many frames per second will be damaged on average? Implement using qualnet.

STAR CONFIGURATION:
In its simplest form, a star network consists of one central switch, hub or computer, which acts as a conduit to transmit messages. This consists of a central node, to which all other nodes are connected; this central node provides a common connection point for all nodes through a hub.

Data on a star network passes through the hub, switch, or concentrator before continuing to its destination. The hub, switch, or concentrator manages and controls all functions of the network. It also acts as a repeater for the data flow.

A router is a device that forwards data packets between telecommunications networks, creating an overlay internetwork. A router is connected to two or more data lines from different networks. When data comes in on one of the lines, the router reads the address information in the packet to determine its ultimate destination. Then, using information in its routing table or routing policy, it directs the packet to the next network on its journey or drops the packet. A data packet is typically forwarded from one router to another through networks that constitute the internetwork until it gets to its destination node.

Since given problem states that all the terminals of the office are connected in a rectangular grid star connection can be established as follows:

GIVEN: No. of terminals: 15 Cables can be run horizontally, vertically and diagonally. Length of single wire between two sockets=4m FOR THE DESIGN: No of terminals connected = 14 No of routers = 1 No of wires connected between sockets = 18. Length of single wire between sockets=4m. Total length of wires used for connection=18*4=72. Hence in general cable of length 72m is used to connect the terminals in star configuration with single router in the middle.

802.3 is a 10 Mbps - 10Base-T Ethernet. T stands for Twisted Pair. Ethernet is a family of framebased computer networking technologies for local area networks (LAN). The Ethernet in its simplest form uses a passive bus that operates at 10 Mbps. The bus is formed from the co-axial cable, which connects all the PCs in the LAN. Ethernet commonly employs bus topology where one long cable usually called as a bus acts as a backbone to link all the devices in a network. It is a multi-point link.

Since given problem states that all the terminals of the office are connected in a rectangular grid Ethernet (i.e., bus topology) connection can be established as follows:

No

of terminals connected = 15 No of wires connected between sockets = 22. Length of single wire between sockets=4m. Total length of wires used for connection=22*4=88. Hence in general cable of length 88m is used to connect the terminals using an 802.3 LAN.

Suppose that an 11-Mbps 802.11b LAN is transmitting 64-byte frames back-to-back over a radio channel with a bit error rate of 10-7. How many frames per second will be damaged on average?

GIVEN:
Speed

of the connection=11Mbps = 11*106

bps. Size of a single frame=64 byte = 64*8=512 bits. Bit error rate=10-7.

IEEE

802.11 is a set of standards for implementing wireless local area network (WLAN) computer communication in the 2.4, 3.6 and 5 GHz frequency bands. 802.11b (also referred to as 802.11 High Rate or Wi-Fi) an extension to 802.11 that applies to wireless LANS and provides 11 Mbps transmission (with a fallback to 5.5, 2 and 1-Mbps) in the 2.4 GHz band.

Total no of frames transmitted per second= no of bits transmitted/ size of single frame = 11*106 /512 = 21485 frames per second No of bits damaged= No. of bits transmitted per second * bit error rate = 11*106 *10-7 = 1. Hence per second only one bit will be damaged out of total bits that are transmitted. Since per second 21485 frames have been transmitted, no. of frames that have been damaged on an average is given by = no of error bits transmitted/ no. of frames transmitted per second = 1\ 21485 = 0.000046544 frames. Hence on an average 0.000046544 frames will be damaged. i.e., only one bit will be damaged in a second.

QualNet

Developer is ultra high-fidelity network evaluation software that predicts wireless, wired and mixed-platform network and networking device performance. QualNet supports simulation of thousands of network nodes.

Design

Mode allows users to set up terrain, network connections, subnets, mobility patterns of wireless users, and other functional parameters of network nodes. Users can create network models by using intuitive, click and drag operations. Users can also customize the protocol stack of any of the nodes and can specify the application layer traffic and services that run on the network.

Visual

Mode gives the user opportunities to perform in depth visualization and analysis of a network scenario designed in Design Mode. As simulations are running, users can watch packets at various layers flow through the network and view dynamic graphs of critical performance metrics. Real-time statistics are also an option, where users can view dynamic graphs while a network scenario simulation is running.

Analyzer

is a statistical graphing tool that displays the metrics collected during the simulation of a network scenario in a graphical format. You can customize the graph display. All statistics are exportable to spreadsheets in CSV format. Packet tracer provides a visual representation of packet trace files generated during the simulation of a network scenario. Trace files are text files in XML format that contain information about packets as they move up and down the protocol stack.

PRESENTED BY
ABIRAM.S ARUN KUMAR.S DEEPAK.R NARESH.R SANDEEP.R SARAVANAN.B

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